Cerebral Hemispheres (finished)

Question 1

Anterolateral (lenticulostriate) arteries

Answer 1

central or ganglionic branches of the middle cerebral artery supply a major portion of the internal capsule (anterior limb, genu, portion of posterior limb) [Netter - Plate 139]

Question 2

Posterolateral striate arteries

Answer 2

central or ganglionic branches of the posterior cerebral and posterior communicating arteries supply a portion of posterior limb, retrolenticular and sublenticular portions of the internal capsule [Netter - Plate 141]

Question 3

Agnosia

Answer 3

the inability to understand or recognize the significance of sensory stimuli, although the sensory pathways and the primary sensory cortex are intact. Therefore, the lesion is related to cortical association areas (somesthetic, visual, auditory).

Question 4

Tactile agnosia

Answer 4

the patient finds it impossible to correlate the surface texture, shape, size, and weight of an object and to compare the sensation with previous experience. Tactile agnosia occurs with lesions involving the parietal association cortex (left or right).

Question 5

Visual agnosia

Answer 5

the inability to recognize objects that cannot be attributed to a defect of visual acuity or to intellectual impairment; the patient fails to relate present to past visual experiences, with the result that the patient fails to recognize what is seen and appreciate its significance (what).

Question 6

Auditory agnosia

Answer 6

a condition in which a patient with unimpaired hearing fails to recognize or appreciate a meaning with a perceived sound

Question 7

Apraxia

Answer 7

the inability to carry out a motor action in response to a verbal (written) request in the absence of paresis/paralysis, sensory abnormality, comprehension deficit, or disturbance of coordination (ataxia). Generally associated with the dominant cerebral hemisphere (left).

Question 8

Aphasia

Answer 8

a defect in language processing caused by brain lesions, not caused by mental deficits, disturbances in sense organs, or paralysis of muscles for speech; develop as a consequence of lesions in the dominant cerebral hemisphere; most cases are caused by stroke, head injury, cerebral tumors, or degenerative dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease.