Cerebral Cortex 2 (section 2)

Question 0

Which area is considered the speech planning area?

Answer 0

Broca’s area

Question 1

Location of the Primary Motor Cortex

Answer 1

Precentral gyrus

Question 2

Which cortex is located superior to the premotor cortex

Answer 2

Supplemental motor cortex

Question 3

A lesion in the primary motor cortex produces?

Answer 3

Contralateral paresis
Increased deep tendon reflexes
Positive Babinski sign

Question 4

Which cortex is found in the Middle frontal gyrus and inferior to the Supplemental motor cortex

Answer 4

Premotor Cortex

Question 5

Which cortex receives input from the basal ganglia

Answer 5

Supplemental motor cortex

Question 6

Which cortex is involved in the production of externally referenced movements?

Answer 6

Premotor cortex

Question 7

Where is the Supplemental motor cortex found?

Answer 7

Superior Frontal gyrus and superior to the premotor cortex

Question 8

Which cortex receives input from the cerebellum?

Answer 8

Premotor cortex

Question 9

The two cortex considered motor planning area

Answer 9

Premotor cortex and Supplement motor cortex

Question 10

A lesion in the Premotor cortex would produce what?

Answer 10

Hypertonus and increased resistance to passive movements

Question 11

Which cortex is involved in production of internally referenced movements

Answer 11

Supplemental motor cortex

Question 12

Where is Broca’s area located?

Answer 12

Inferior Frontal Gyrus (posterior aspect)

Question 13

What is the difference between the right and left Broca’s areas?

Answer 13

The dominant hemisphere (usually the left side) is the speech planning area. The opposite side is involved in non-verbal communication like emotion, gesture, tone of voice, etc.

Question 14

How is Broca’s area and Wernike’s area connected?

Answer 14

By the arcuate fasiculus

Question 15

What type of disability is described by normal comprehension of language but expression of speech is difficult and crudely articulated?

Answer 15

Broca’s aphasia

Question 16

What disorder is caused by lesions of motor planning areas?

Answer 16

Apraxia

Question 17

Name the 5 main types of apraxia that are caused by a lesion to the motor planning areas?

Answer 17

1. Akinetic apraxia
2. Amnestic apraxia
3. Motor apraxia
4. Ideational apraxia
5. Facial apraxia

Question 18

Describe Motor apraxia

Answer 18

Inability to perform complicated motor tasks

Question 19

Define apraxia generally

Answer 19

A disorder of sensory integration interfering with the ability to plan and perform skilled and complex movements

Question 20

What apraxia is the loss of ability to carry out spontaneous movement

Answer 20

Akinetic apraxia

Question 21

Inability to perform facial-oral movements on command is what type of apraxia?

Answer 21

Facial apraxia

Question 22

Describe amnestic apraxia

Answer 22

Inability to carry out movement on command due to inability to remember the command

Question 23

What is the inability to demonstrate use of objects?

Answer 23

Ideational Apraxia

Question 24

Which type of apraxia is most common?

Answer 24

Facial Apraxia

Question 25

Which association cortex is involved in executive function

Answer 25

Frontal and Prefrontal association cortices

Question 26

Which association cortex is found at the anterior pole of the temporal lobe

Answer 26

Limbic Association cortex

Question 27

Which association cortex also regulates the affect associated with sensation

Answer 27

Frontal and Prefrontal association cortices

Question 28

Which association cortex is involved in sensory integration, problems solving, speech, and spatial processing

Answer 28

Parietotemporal Association cortex

Question 29

Which association cortex is closely associated with the olfactory cortex

Answer 29

Limbic Association cortex

Question 30

Another name for Limbic Association cortex

Answer 30

psychical cortex

Question 31

Lesion of the non-dominant parietotemporal association cortex can cause what syndrome?

Answer 31

Hemineglect syndrome

Question 32

What is hemineglect syndome

Answer 32

Lack of appreciation of spatial aspects of all sensory input from one side of the body, Denial that that one side of body belongs to patient

Question 33

A tumor or stroke in the limbic association cortex can cause what

Answer 33

Visual or auditory hallucinations

Question 34

Where does the interpretation and integration of sensations occur?

Answer 34

Parietotemporal association cortex

Question 35

Functions of the dominant hemisphere (4)

Answer 35

1. Language 2. Skilled motor formulation 3. Arithmetic: analytical skills 4. Sequential Processing

Question 36

Functions of the non-dominant hemisphere

Answer 36

1. Prosody 2. Visual-spatial analysis and spatial attention 3. Arithmetic: spatial skills 4. Spatial orientation and processing