CEREBLLAR DYSFUNCTION Flashcards
The _________, located inferiorly,
which is phylogenetically the oldest portion of the
cerebellum and is much the same in all animals (hence
archicerebellum) .
It is separated from the main mass of
the cerebellum, or corpus cerebelli, by the__________
flocculonodular lobe
posterolateral fissure.
The anterior lobe, or paleocerebellum, which
is the portion rostral to the_____
primary fissure
The ____________,
consisting of the middle divisions of the vermis and
their large lateral extensions
posterior lobe, or neocerebellum
The
flocculonodular lobe receives special proprioceptive
impulses from the_________i and is therefore
also referred to as the vestibulocerebellum;
vestibular nucle
The anterior vermis
and part of the posterior vermis are referred to as
the _________ since projections to these parts
derive to a large extent from the proprioceptors of
muscles and tendons in the limbs and are conveyed to
the cerebellum in the dorsal spinocerebellar tract (from
the lower limbs) and the ventral spinocerebellar tract
(upper limbs) .
spinocerebellum,
The main influence of the spinocerebellum
appears to be on______ and _____
posture and muscle tone
The neocerebellum derives its afferent fibers indirectly from the cerebral cortex via the pontine nuclei and brachium pontis, hence the designation ________
pontocerebellum.
Lesions of the nodulus and flocculus
have been associated with a disturbance of ______
equilibrium
and frequently with nystagmus
The ________, which receives both peripheral and central projections (from motor cortex), influences postural tone and also individual movements of the ipsilateral limbs.
The lateral zone is concerned mainly with _______ but is also involved
in other functions.
intermediate
zone
coordination
of movements of the ipsilateral limbs
The projections from Purkinje cells are ______ whereas those from the nuclei are excitatory on other parts of the motor nervous system.
inhibitory
The deep cerebellar nuclei, in turn, project to the
cerebral cortex and certain brainstem nuclei via two
main pathways:
fibers from the dentate, emboliform,
and globose nuclei form the _______
enter the upper pontine tegmentum as the brachium
conjunctivum, decussate at the level of the inferior colliculus, and ascend to the __________ of the
thalamus and, to a lesser extent, to the intralaminar
thalamic nuclei
Some of the ascending fibers,
soon after their decussation, synapse in the _____
but most of them traverse this nucleus without terminating, and pass on to the thalamus
superior cerebellar peduncle,
ventrolateral nucleus
red nucleus,
A
small group of fibers of the superior cerebellar peduncle,
following their decussation, descend in the ventromedial
tegmentum of the brainstem via the central
tegmental fasciculus and terminate in the reticulotegmental
and paramedian reticular nuclei of the pons and
inferior olivary nuclei of the medulla.
Guillain-Mollaret triangle
The _________sends fibers to the vestibular
nuclei of both sides and, to a lesser extent, to other nuclei of the reticular formation of the pons and medulla
fastigial nucleus
The _______ project via the restiform body (inferior cerebellar
peduncle) to the contralateral cerebellar cortex and corresponding
parts of the deep cerebellar nuclei.
inferior olivary
nuclei
The
dentate nucleus receives information from the premotor
and supplementary motor cortices via the pontocerebellar system and helps to initiate _________
volitional movements
The _______ also receives
cerebrocortical projections via the pontocerebellar system;
in addition, it receives spinocerebellar projections
via the intermediate zone of the cerebellar cortex
interpositus nucleus
Also, the _________ appears to be
responsible for making volitional oscillations (alternating
movements) .
prepositus nucleus
The _________controls antigravity and
other muscle synergies in standing and walking; ablation
of this nucleus greatly impairs these motor activities
fastigial nucleus