Cephalosporin Flashcards
Cephalo hv all interactins except
a. show cross sensitivity w penicillin
b. penicillinase resistant
c. hv broad spectrum but inactive against anaerobes
d. used in URT infx
b. penicillinase resistant
penicillinase means b lactamase that active against b lactam but not cephalo
Which is 4th gen?
a. ceftriaxone
b. cefaclor
c. cefuroxime
d. cefepime
d. cefepime
Which is 3rd gen?
a. ceftazidime
b. cefuroxime
c. cefoxitin
d. cefadroxil
a. ceftazidime
Earlier generations of cephalosporins are more susceptible to beta-lactamases than later generation cephalosporins. T/F
T
Susceptibility to beta-lactamases decreases with succeeding generations of cephalosporins.
Cephalosporins are …
Bactericidal
Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
Later generations of cephalosporins have greater Gram negative activity than earlier generations of cephalosporins. T/F
T
Earlier generations have greater Gram positive activity compared to later generations, which have greater Gram negative activity.
Which of the following cephalosporins is combined with the beta-lactamase inhibitor, tazobactam? Cefuroxime Ceftaroline Ceftolozane Cefixime
Ceftolozane
Ceftolozane is a fifth generation cephalosporin used in the treatment of, among other things, complicated urinary tract infections. It is combined with the beta-lactamase inhibitor, tazobactam.
Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin with activity against Pseudomonas. T/F
T Ceftazidime has activity against both Gram positives and Gram negatives, and belongs to the third-generation of cephalosporins (Ceft – t – third). It is notable for its activity against Pseudomonas, one of the few drugs in its class with activity against this organism.
Which of the following statements about cephalosporins is false?
Commonly cause skin rash
None of the above
Cross-reactive with penicillins
May cause Clostridium difficile-related colitis
Cephalosporins do cause skin rash (greater than 1% rate), and are cross-reactive with penicillins (though this risk declines with successive generations). Oral cephalosporins are also linked with Clostridium difficile-related colitis.
Photosensitivity is commonly experienced with third-generation cephalosporins. T/F
F
Photosensitivity is not associated with cephalosporins, but is associated with tetracycline antibiotics.
Which of the following statements about cephalosporins is false? None of the above They have a beta-lactam ring They are ineffective against Listeria They have short half-lives
None of the above
Cephalosporins have a beta-lactam ring, in the same way penicillins do. They are also vulnerable to beta-lactamases for this precise reason. Cephalosporins are also ineffective against Listeria, and have short half-lives (around 4-5 hours).
1st gen e.g. cefazolin and cephalexin are very active against
a. atypical organism
b. g+ve cocci
c. anaerobic organism
d. g-ve cocci
b. g+ve cocci
very active against staph and strep
Which cephalo is suitable for pneumoccocal meningitis?
a. cephalexxin
b. cefotaxime
c. cefaclor
d. cefazolin
b. cefotaxime
1st and 2nd gen hv poor penetration into CNS. Cefotaxime enters CNS and active against bacteria causing meningitis
___ the only 3rd gen that antipseudomonal
ceftazidime
cephalo normally require dosage adjustment in case of renal failure. but one of the drug does not require it.
a. ceftriaxone
b. cefoxitin
c. ceftaroline
d. cephalexin
ceftriaxone (3rd)
