Cellular Transport Flashcards
What types of cellular transport is there?
Passive transport (diffusion and osmosis) Active transport (endocytosis and exocytosis)
What is passive transport?
It is the movement of particles in or out of a cell, following the concentration gradient. It does not require energy. It can happen trough diffusion, a carrier protein or a channel protein.
What is diffusion?
It is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the particles are spread out evenly.
What is osmosis?
It is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration until the particles are spread out evenly through a partially permeable membrane.
What is active transport?
It is the uptake of particles by a cell against a concentration gradient. It requires energy in the form of ATP or electrochemical gradient. The particles are brought into the cell by a carrier protein. Active transport is performed with substances that the cell needs, such as proteins or amino acids. It is used for nerve signals.
What is endocytosis?
This is a type of active transport where the cell engulfs larger polar molecules or fluids. The cell membrane pinches of and forms a vesicle around the substance. Lysosomes often fuses with the vesicle (endosome) to enable digestion of the content.
What types of endocytosis are there?
Phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
What is exocytosis?
This is a type of active transport where the cell gets rid of unwanted particles. Secretory vesicles originating from the ER or the Golgi apparatus fuse with the cell membrane and the contents is left outside the cell.
