Cell Division Flashcards
What are the three phases of mitosis?
Interphase - growth, accumulation of nutrients, copying of DNA (90% of the cells time is spent in this phase)
Mitotic phase - the cells splits in two
Cytokinesis - the cell has been divided (the cell rests)
What are the two types of cell division?
Meiosis (in egg and sperm cells)
Mitosis (in all other cells)
What are the four sub stages of the Mitotic phase?
Prophase - the nuclear membrane disappears and the chromosomes are visible
Metaphase - chromosomes line up across the centre and spindles attach to them
Anaphase - the chromosome split and each half is pulled to one corner of the cell
Telophase - the nuclear membranes begin to form around the two new sets of chromosomes and the cells begin to split.
What are the purposes of meiosis?
To reduce the amount of chromosomes by half and to mix up the genes in the cells - crossing over
Describe the process of mitosis!
The snap is copied so that there are 92 chromosomes in the nucleus. The cell is split in two, bringing the right chromosomes so that both daughter cells are identical to the parent cell.
Describe the process of meiosis!
The DNA in the nucleus is copied so that there are 92 chromosomes. The like chromosomes pair up (synapsis) and switch sections of DNA. The cells divides into two daughter cells. The daughter cells divide again, forming four daughter cells which are non-identical to the parent cell and has 23 chromosomes.
