Cellular Respiration Test (Ch.2) Flashcards
Cellular Respiration results in the relatively rapid, uncontrolled release of energy from a molecule of glucose to produce ATP for use by cells for various functions.
False
Enzymes lower activation energy.
True
The Krebs cycle is located outside the matrix of the mitochondria.
False
In the absence of oxygen, human muscle cells convert pyruvic acid to lactic acid in order to keep resupplying glycolysis with NAD+.
True
During aerobic cellular respiration, which of the following is the most common type of reaction to take place in the cell?
Redox
What is the name of the process in which energy is released in a cell in the presence of sufficient oxygen?
aerobic cellular respiration
The reactants in cellular respiration, glucose, and oxygen are stable compounds. How do these substances react?
The activation energy is reduced by enzymes.
Which of the following processes most likely does not involve anaerobic conditions?
bacteria in the soil help in composting.
Glycolysis can best be described as which of the following kinds of pathways?
anaerobic and catabolic
In which of the following forms is energy immediately made available for use by living cells?
ATP
The following molecules can be found at various stages during cellular respiration: I. acetyl-CoA II. carbon dioxide III. glucose IV. glyceraldeyde V. pyruvate
glucose, glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, acetyle-CoA, CO2
III, IV, V, I, II
Proteins are to ribosomes as ATP is to which of the following cell organelles?
mitochondria
At the end of the electron transport chain, the final product is which of the following?
Water
Anaerobic respiration is less efficient than aerobic respiration for which of the following reasons?
less ATP is produced in anerobic respiration.
When glucose undergoes combustion in the presence of air, it releases heat rapidly. In cellular respiration
enzymes make the reaction take place in small steps.
A particular organism releases carbon dioxide and alcohol as its end products. The organism is most likely which of the following?
a yeast
Anaerobic and aerobic respiration are similar in all but one of the following ways. Which one is the exception?
acetaldeyde is converted into ethanol.
At the end of glycolysis, most of the energy originally found in glucose is located in molecules of
pyruvic acid
The process of glycolysis occurs in the _______ and begins with a molecule of ___________.
cytoplasm, glucose
Mitochondria are round or sausage-shaped organelles that are found throughout the cytoplasm of a cell and specialize the production of ________. This process cannot occur in the presence of ______. Mitochondria have a double membrane. The inner membrane has many proteins and enzymes attached to its inner surface. The inner membrane also creates two compartments within the mitochondrion. The _________ is the inner most space and the ________________ lies between the two membranes,
ATP, oxygen, _____?______, intermembrane space.
Under normal conditions, humans break down glucose by aerobic respiration. However, there are times, such as during vigorous exercise, when muscle cells respire glucose faster than oxygen can be supplied. Under these conditions __________ fermentation occurs.
Lactic Acid
Refering to ECT and chemiosmosis:
In what order are the components of the chain arranged?
Increasing electronegativity
Refering to ECT and chemiosmosis:
Where do protons re-enter the mitochondrial matrix?
ATP Synthase
Refering to ECT and chemiosmosis:
What moves into the intermembrane space?
Protons
Refering to ECT and chemiosmosis:
What are the electron donor molecules at the beginning of the chain?
NADH/FADH2
Refering to ECT and chemiosmosis:
What accepts the electrons at the end of the chain?
Oxygen
