Cellular respiration - 8 Flashcards
What are the four major energy requirements of the cell
Mechanical work (transport of proteins)
Growth and replacement of materials
Transport of materials across membrane (active)
Maintaining homeostasis (balance)
What is the structure of the mitochondria
Outer membrane
Intermembrane space
Inner membrane (cristae), highly folded
Mitochondria matrix
What is the function of the mitochondria
Cellular respiration. Conversion of chemical energy to ATP. Amount produced depends on demand from cell.
Where does stage 1 take place
Cytosol
What occurs in stage 2
Pyruvate is oxidised into Acetyl CoA and put in the citric acid cycle. This produces ATP and electron carriers (NADH, FADH2)
Where does stage 3 take place
Inner membrane (cristae)
What occurs in stage 1
Glycolysis. Sugar-glucose in converted into 2 pyruvate
Where does stage 2 take place
Mitochondrial matrix
What are the two parts of stage 3
electron transfer chain and chemiosmosis.
What happens in the electron transfer chain
Electron carriers shuttle high energy electrons across protein complexes in the inner membrane. Protons (H+) are pumped into intermembrane space, creating a concentration gradient across the membrane
What happens in chemiosmosis
ATP synthase is powered by the proton gradient. This converts ADP and Pi to ATP
How is ATP used to power the cell
When ATP breaks up into ADP + Pi the high energy bonds release energy. ATP is constantly used and regenerated
What is the equation for cellular respiration
C6H12I6 +6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
