Cellular Respiration

Question 0

Remember chemical energy is created within…

Therefore…

Answer 0

The bonds between atoms

More atoms with more bonds poses more energy

Question 1

Chemical Energy and Food
All organisms depend on ___ to directly power ___. Ex.
Auto
Hetero

Answer 1

Chemical energy; cell activity ex. Active trans. Muscle movement
Autotroph self feeder plants, algae, and some bacteria
Heterotroph other feeder animals, fungus, most bacteria, and most protozoans

Question 2

Measuring amount of energy in food
c\_\_\_\_\_:
C\_\_\_\_\_:
1g of glucose=
1g of triglycerides (fat)=
1g of protein=

Answer 2

calorie: amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water 1* Celsius/1mm 1g water
Calorie/Kilocalorie: larger unit of measurement used as a… Dietary measurement = 1000 calorie
= 4 Calories or 4000 calories
= 9 Calories or 9000 calories
= 4 Calories or 4000 calories

Question 3

Cells don’t really burn energy-
Equations
Photosysthesis-
Cellular Respiration-

Answer 3

Most would be lost in heat and light but rather a process with small steps create ATP
Light Energy+ Water + Carbon Dioxide = Oxygen + Glucose

Question 4

Cellular Respiration:
1.\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:
Includes
2.\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:
Includes

Answer 4

The process of converting stored energy in food into ATP or a usable form
Aerobic Respiration: requires oxygen
Includes Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, é transport chain
Anaerobic Respiration: does not require oxygen
Includes Glycolysis and Fermentation

Question 5

Glycolysis:
Consists of a series of…
Takes place in the…

Answer 5

“Sugar Breaking” first step of both aerobic & anaerobic respiration transforms 1 glucose into 2 pyruvic acids and releasing 2 ATP
Chemical reactions that are regulated by several specific enzymes
Cytosol-Cytoplasm

Question 6

Summary of glycolysis

Answer 6

A. 6 carbon glucose molecule is modified by using 2 ATP investment.
B. This modified molecule splits in half to form PGAL
C. PGAL IS CHANGED BY …. Removing e & transferring them to NAD to NADH.
NADH acts as on energy carrier.

Question 7

After this transfer of electrons, PGAL continues to be modified by the removal of _______ to form _______ and _______ _______.
The net ATP production:

Answer 7

Phosphate;’4 ATP; Pyruvic Acid/ Pyruvate

Total produced 4 ATP nut 2 ATP uSed therefore net of 2 ATP

Question 8

Advantages
1.
2.

Answer 8

Speed- although not efficient

Anaerobic - able to operate in the absence or deficiency of O2 (oxygen)

Question 9

Fermentation: process carried out in the…

And takes place in the __________ considered to be an additional pathway for…

Answer 9

Absence of oxygen O2
Cytoplasm
Anaerobic cellular respiration

Question 10

Fermentation Pathways
Do not…
Do convert…
This allows the continuation of…

Answer 10

Produce additional ATP
NAPH~NAD+ by passing back high energy electrons by Pyruvic acid
Glycolysis to form new ATP

Question 11

Specific _______ are used to regulate _______
Two types of fermentation
1
2

Answer 11

Enzymes; each step
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation

Question 12

Alcoholic Fermentation: process that converts ____ _____ into _________ with _______ as a byproduct; regenerates ____

Answer 12

Pyruvic Acid;
ethyl alcohol;
CO2;
NAD+