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Biology > Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Respiration

A

The breakdown of food molecules (like carbs and fats) to release chemical energy in your body

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2
Q

Molecules that show respiration

A

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 ——> 6H20 + 6CO2 + energy (ATP)

Glucose&Oxygen Water&Carbon Dioxide&Energy

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3
Q

Energy in the cell is stored in __________

A

ATP

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4
Q

Energy is used to maintain ______

A

Life

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5
Q

The presence of _______ determines how much ______ is produced

A

O2, Energy

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6
Q

3 Kinds of respiration:

A

Aerobic, Anaerobic, Respiration from fats and proteins

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7
Q

Aerobic: requires ______ occurs in ___ stages

A

Oxygen, 3

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8
Q

What is Glycolysis?

A

Breaking down glucose into pyruvic acid

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9
Q

Glycolysis occurs in the _________ of all cells

A

Cytoplasm

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10
Q

Glycolysis requires _______

A

Glucose

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11
Q

Glycolysis produces ____ pyruvic acids, ____ ATP, and ___ NADH

A

2, 2, 2

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12
Q

What is the Krebs Cycle?

A

Breaking down carbon bonds to get energy out

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13
Q

Krebs Cycle occurs in the __________

A

Mitochondria

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14
Q

Krebs Cycle requires __ pyruvic acids (from _________)

A

2, Glycolysis

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15
Q

Krebs Cycle produces ____CO2, ____NADH, and ___ATP

A

6, 6, 2

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16
Q

What does the Electron Transport Chain do?

A

Takes energy from NADH and transfers it to ATP

17
Q

Electron Transport Chain occurs in the __________

A

Mitochondria

18
Q

Electron Transport Chain takes ______ and breaks it down and converts it to _____

A

NADH, ATP

19
Q

Electron Transport Chain requires ______, ___, _____ (from Krebs)

A

ADP, P, NADH

20
Q

Electron Transport Chain produces ___ and ______

A

ATP, Water

21
Q

Anaerobic: without ___________

A

Oxygen

22
Q

Three types of anaerobic respiration:

A

Alcoholic fermentation, lactic acid fermentation, respiration from fats and proteins

23
Q

Alcoholic fermentation is done by ____ and ______

A

Yeast, bacteria

24
Q

Alcoholic fermentation forms _____ from ______

A

Alcohol, glucose

25
Q

Alcoholic fermentation requires ______ ______ from glycolysis

A

Pyruvic acid

26
Q

Alcoholic fermentation produces _____ _______ and ____

A

Ethyl alcohol, CO2

27
Q

Lactic acid fermentation in humans builds up in _____ (soreness & cramps)

A

Muscles

28
Q

Lactic acid fermentation has ____ acid that chances to ____ acid

A

Pyruvic, lactic

29
Q

Lactic acid fermentation requires ____ acid

A

Pyruvic

30
Q

Lactic acid fermentation produces ____ ____ and small amounts of ____

A

Lactic acid, ATP

31
Q

Respiration from fats and proteins: fats and proteins can be broken down into _______ that can enter the respiration path

A

Molecules

32
Q

Respiration from fats and proteins: ____ produce twice as much ATP as ____ because it has twice as many ____

A

Fats, glucose, bonds

33
Q

Respiration from fats and proteins: _____ give about the same amount of energy as _____

A

Proteins, carbs

34
Q

Why are proteins not preferred?

A

They are needed to build other proteins and enzymes in your body

35
Q

When you break down a bond you get _____

A

Energy

36
Q

How many carbons are there in glucose? Pyruvic acid? How many pyruvic acids can be produced from one glucose?

A

6, 3, 2 Pyruvic acids from one glucose

37
Q

Why pyruvic acids is formed from glucose do we make bonds or break bonds? What do we get as a result?

A

Break the glucose bond to create pyruvic acids. We get 2 pyruvic acids

38
Q

What has to happen to pyruvic acid in order to begin Krebs cycle?

A

It breaks down chemical bonds

39
Q

How many carbons does Acetyl CoA have? Do we gain or loose carbon? What is formed as a result? Do we make bonds or break bonds? What do we get as a result?

A

Acetyl CoA: 2 carbons, we lose one

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