Cellular Reproduction Flashcards
In prokaryotes are the chromosomes similar or diffrent
similar
What does DNA in prokaryotes consist of
One circular chromosome that is attached to the cell membrane
Do prokaryotic cells have DNA contained by a nucleus
No
What process do prokaryotic cells reproduce through
Binary fission
What happens in Binary Fission
The DNA is copied and results in two identical chromosomes. A new cell membrane begins to develop between the two DNA copies.
How long does Binary Fission take
can occur as fast as 35 minuites to 11 hours
What are rod-shaped structures made of DNA and protein called
Chromosomes
What is a histone
The DNA strand that is tightly coiled around a chunk of protein
What do histones do/ their purpose
They maintain the shape of the chromosome and help tightly pack the DNA
What is a chromatid
an identical help that forms as DNA makes a copy of itself before the cell divides
centromere
the chromatids of a chromosome are attached at this point
centromere purpose/ does
holds the chromosomes together until they seprate during cell division
In between cell division parts of the chromosomes uncoil so they can be read and used to direct the cell’s activities. What is this uncoiled DNA called
chromatin
What are animal chromosomes organized by and into
by size into sex chromosomes and autosomes
What do sex chromosomes determine
the sex of the organisms. They may carry other characteristics as well. (2 sex chromosomes)
