Cellular Processes Flashcards
Muscular Tissue
Allows for movement, beating of heart, and movement of food through the digestive system
Connective tissue
Makes up bone, cartilage, blood, and connects organs together
Nervous tissue
Conducts electrical impulses through the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Epithelial tissue
Makes up skin, lining of internal pathway and glands
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Makes proteins and moves them around the cell
Mitocondria
Coverts food into ATP
Golgi Apparatus
Transports material around cell by sacs called vesicles
Lyosomes
Breaks down waste in the cell
Centrioles
Aids in cell division
Vacuoles
Stores nutrients and water
Gene
Section of DNA that codes for a protein
Transcription
Process of converting the DNA code into an mRNA message
Translation
When mRNA strand leaves nucleus and goes to the ribosome, to be made into a protein
Mitosis
Period of cell division in somatic cells. Results in 2 diploid cellls
Meiosis
Period of cell division in gametes. Results in 4 haploid cells
Cell Membrane
Specialized, semi-permeable barrier that only allows some substances to pass through
Passive transport
When molecules move naturally from high to low concentrations, which doesn’t require energy
Facilitated diffusion
Form of passive transport. When larger molecules need to be helped across the cell membrane, by channels made of proteins
Active transport
When molecules move from low to high concentration, and does require energy
Negative feedback loops
Helps the body maintain homeostasis by reducing changes in the body to bring it back into balance
Positive feedback loop
Continue to drive the body further from away from it’s typical state
