Celluar Injury

Question 1

Definition of Celluar Injury

Answer 1

inability to maintain homeostasis as a result of stimuli

Question 2

Is cell injury reversible?

Answer 2

generally, unless physiological adaption and/or external interventions are unsuccesful

Question 3

Most common mechanisms of Cell injury?

Answer 3

Hypoxic- lack of O2
chemicals
infectious

Question 4

Less common mechanisms of cell injury?

Answer 4

free radical, immunologic, genetic, nutritional imbalances

Question 5

What does hypoxia of cell result in?

Answer 5

Ischemia: lack of blood flow to area
anemia: low red blood cell count
impaired respiratory pump: COPD
impaired cardiac pump

Question 6

Consequences of hypoxia

Answer 6

anaerobic metabolism

1. insufficient ATP production
2. accumulation of ions and extracellular fluid
3. cell swelling and compromise of function

Question 7

Chemical injury due to chemicals

Answer 7

Damage to cellular membrane as a result of injurious bonds formed by free radicals and proteins, lipids, carbs

Question 8

Injurious chemical agents

Answer 8

heavy metals, carbon monoxide, ethanol, street drugs

Question 9

Systemic manifestations of cell injury

Answer 9

fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, leukocytosis, pain

Question 10

Cellular Death (infarction)

Answer 10

Necrosis- irreversible injury

Question 11

Types of cell death

Answer 11

coagulative, liquefactive, gaseous, gangrenous

Question 12

Disablement model

Answer 12

1. pathology
2. pathophysiology
3. impairment (ROM, Strength)
4. functional limitation
5. disability

Question 13

Etiology

Answer 13

study of cause of disease or illness

Question 14

idiopathic

Answer 14

diseases with identifiable cause

Question 15

iatrogenic

Answer 15

disease or injury as a result of medical intervention

Question 16

clinical manifestations

Answer 16

signs and symptoms

Question 17

remission

Answer 17

period when clinical manifestations disappear or diminish significantly

Question 18

Exacerbations

Answer 18

periods when clinical manifestations become worse or more severe

Question 19

sequelae

Answer 19

any abnormal conditions that follow and are the result of a disease, treatment or injury