cells to systems Flashcards
levels of organisation
cell
tissue
organ
system
organism
what are the 4 basic tissue types
muscle tissue
nervous tissue
epithelial tissue
connective tissue
types of muscle tissue
striated/skeletal muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle tissue
striated/skeletal muscle tissue
attached to the skeleton and bones which is responsible for the movement of your body whichcontracts voluntarily eg. bones joints cartilage
cardiac muscle tissue
muscle tissue that contracts involuntarily and is found in the walls of the heart
smooth muscle tissue
linings of hollow organs such as stomach and intestines and blood vessels, contracts slowly and involuntarily to change shape and size of these structures
muscle tissue function
has the abilty to contract and exert a force
nervous tissue function
composed of neurons that detect stimuli and carry out electcal signals
epithelial tissue
makes up internal and external layers of the body and assists in protection, secretion and absoroptionn of food
epithelial tissue examples
mucuos memrbanes
lining of grasteonial tract
airways
reproductive system
exocrine glands
connective tissue
fibrous tissue containing cells seperated by an extracelluar matrix that connects and supports other tissues nad organs in the body
types of connective tissue
cartiliage
osseous tissue
ligaments
blood
tendons
all of the major systems in the bdoy
1.respiratory system
2.digestive system
3.musculoskeletal system
4.circulatory system
5.lymphatic system
6.immune system
7.excretory system
8.endocrine system
9.nervous system
10.integumentary system
11.reproductive system
musculoskeletal system
composed of muscles and bones which are responisle for the structure and movmenet of body
lympatheic system
maintains fludidity levels in the body
immune system
responsile for fightinf of bacteria, viruses and other foreign substances
intergumatnyr system
is the body’s outer layer that releases hormones such as skin and nails
The small intestine is an organ of the digestive system. Its role is to absorb the nutrients from broken-down food as it passes through the digestive system. Cells lining the small intestine arrange into ‘finger-like’ projections to increase surface area. Briefly outline why the cells are arranged like this.
These cells are arranged to maximise their surface area to volume ratio which allows for greater absorption of nutrients from food into the cells.
Tissue
group of cells that work together to carry out a specific function
Organ
ompoed if multiple tissues to perform a specalised task
Organ system
several systems that work together
Organism
a living body that carries out critical functions such as growth and reproduction
where do organisms not function
in isolation eg. organs that form larger systems
why are vascular tissue arranged in vascualr bundles
to branch out to form veins
why are vascular tissue arranged in vascualr bundles
to branch out to form veins
what is negative feddback
process where a change in a variable occurs and the organism responds to reverse the direction of the change
