Cells & Tissues (Epithelial)

Question 1

Simple Cuboidal function and location

Answer 1

Secretion and absorption.

Pancreas ducts, kidney, oesophagus, ovary, eye.

Question 2

Non-Ciliated Simple Columnar

Answer 2

Non-cilliated: microvilli, goblet cells, non-motile, SA for absorption. Secretion and lubrication.

Question 3

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar

Answer 3

Ciliated: Goblet cells secrete mucus.

Question 4

Simple Squamous location

Answer 4

Mesothelium: lines cavities, serous membranes.
Endothelium: lines heart, blood, lymphatic vessels.

Question 5

Stratified Columnar function and location

Answer 5

Protection and secretion.

Lines urethra, ducts of some glands, eye, pharynx.

Question 6

Stratified Cuboidal function and location

Answer 6

Protection, some secretion and absorption.

Ducts of sweat glands, urethra.

Question 7

Stratified Squamous function

Answer 7

Protects against microbes, tough and waterproof surface due to keratin.

Keratinised: cells die on top

Question 8

Basement Membrane function

Answer 8

Supports epithelium, barrier, wound healing, filtration in kidney.

Question 9

Tight Junction

Answer 9

Strands of transmembrane proteins occludins and claudins.

Stomach and intestine.

Question 10

Adherens Junction

Answer 10

Plaque attaches to membrane proteins and actin.
Cadherins (transmembrane glycoproteins) insert into plaque and connect to cadherins on the other side.
Catenins help cadherins bind to actin.

Keeps cells together during contractions.

Question 11

Gap Junction

Answer 11

Connexons (hemichannels) made of 6 connexin proteins.

Transfer of nutrients and waste in the eye, cardiac and smooth muscle, nerve impulses, reproductive.

Question 12

Desmosome Junction

Answer 12

Plaque and cadherin span the gap.
Plaque attaches to keratin.

Resists forces. Epidermis.

Question 13

Hemidesmosome Junction

Answer 13

Plaque.
On the outside of the PM, transmembrane glycoprotein integrin binds to the protein laminin in the BM. On the inside, it binds to keratin.

Stops cells from sliding.

Question 14

Endocrine glands description.

Answer 14

Hormones, glands. Into blood.

Question 15

Which gland is the pancreas?

Answer 15

It’s both endocrine and exocrine.

Question 16

Exocrine glands application and description.

Answer 16

Sweat, oil, earwax.

Secrete into ducts.

Question 17

How to name multicellular exocrine glands.

Answer 17

Number of ducts: simple / compound.

Shape of secretory area: tubular (1), branches, coiled, acinar (swollen).

Question 18

Ciliated Simple Columnar

Answer 18

Ciliated: goblet cells, motile, cilia / microvilli.

Small intestine, respiratory system, uterine, spinal cord. Sinuses, brain ventricles.

Question 19

Non-ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar

Answer 19

Non-ciliated: Lack goblet cells. Absorption and protection.

Question 20

Simple Squamous function

Answer 20

Filtration (kidney), diffusion (lungs), surface for secretion.

Question 21

Non-keratinised Stratified Squamous

Answer 21

Non-keratinised: Protects, defends, require gland secretions, resists abrasion.

Throat, vagina, anus, mouth.

Question 22

Keratinised Stratified Squamous location and info

Answer 22

Epidermis.

Keratin inside cells. Cells die as they migrate up epithelium.

Question 23

Serous membrane

Answer 23

Lines an internal body cavity.