Cells & Tissues Flashcards
The 8 types of cell function?
1) Movement
2) Conductivity
3) Absorption
4) Secretion
5) Excretion
6) Respiration
7) Reproduction
8) Communication
What is direct cell communication?
When the signalling cell makes direct contact with the target cell allowing communication through the gap junction
What is endocrine cell communication?
When the signalling cell contacts a distant target cell through the bloodstream
What is remote (paracrine) cell communication?
When the signal tell communicates with a nearby target cell
What is autocrine cell communication?
When a cell targets itself and becomes both the signalling and target cell
What is cell stress?
calculation
Increased demand + prolonged frequency = cell stress
Epithelial cells
where, function, characteristics
Major tracts
Function as a barrier, allow for absorption, secretion, filtration and diffusion
Organised in sheets, polarized and lined with receptors for pathogen recognition
Endothelial cells
where, function, characteristics
Lines blood cells and vessels
Filtration of fluids, blood vessel regulation, homeostasis
Thin layer of squamous cells, elongated
Endocrine cells
where, function, characteristics
Pituatary glands, thyroid glands
Communication to help control mood, growth and development, as well as regulating how much of each hormone is released
Alpha, beta and delta
Muscle cells
where, function, characteristics
Cardiac, smooth
Responsible for movements, joint structure and stability
Develop from myoblasts
Nerve cells
where, function, characteristics
Sensory neurons, motor neurons interneurons
Rapid communication for snesory information
Specialisation of intercellular communication
Connective tissue cells
where, function, characteristics
In all body tissues
Binds structures to form a framework ans supports organs
Composed of extracellular matrix
Adipose cells
where, function, characteristics
Fat cells
Storage of energy in the form of triglycerides
Single lipid droplets
Red blood cells (Erythrocytes)
Carry oxygen around the body. They are formed in the bone marrow. The absence of a nuclei prevents division.
Biconcave dip to allow for a larger surface area - more exposure to oxygen.
White blood cells (leucrocytes)
Fight infection and disease. Part of the bodies immune system. Formed in bone marrow and originate from stem cells. Account for 1% of all blood (increased during an infection).
Larger, neucleated, lower quantity.
