Cells, Plasma Membrane, And Osmosis

Question 1

Cell theory

Answer 1

Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization that all living organisms have

Question 2

Compound microscopes

Answer 2

Glass lenses and visible light used to magnify images

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

A semisolid marital that contains organelles carrying out chemical processes

Question 4

Cytoskeleton

Answer 4

An anchor for organelles made from long, thin protein fibers

Question 5

Cell membrane

Answer 5

Separates the interior of a cell from the outside environment

Question 6

Cell wall

Answer 6

Thick, rigid, mesh of fibers that protect the cell

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

An organelle that is the manager of the cell and stores DNA

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

An organelle that converts particles into usable energy for the rest of the cell

Question 9

Chloroplast

Answer 9

An organelle that captures light energy and converts it into usable energy for the cell

Question 10

Rough ER

Answer 10

Membrane system of interconnected channels with ribosomes attached to perform protein systhesis

Question 11

Smooth ER

Answer 11

Membrane system interconnected channels with no ribosomes that perform carbohydrate and lipid synthesis

Question 12

Golgi body

Answer 12

Proteins packed into sacs called vesicles that fuses to the plasma membrane

Question 13

Ribosome

Answer 13

Organelles that make proteins

Question 14

Vesicle

Answer 14

Sac of proteins to be carried out and packed by the golgi body

Question 15

Lysosome

Answer 15

Vesicles that digests bacteria and viruses that invade the cell

Question 16

Vacuole

Answer 16

A sac that stores food, enzymes, and waste

Question 17

Centriole

Answer 17

Group of microtubules that formed into a ventricle which is important for cell division

Question 18

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer 18

Two layers of phospholipids that keep internal and external environments separate

Question 19

Transport protein

Answer 19

Move substances through the membrane

Question 20

Cholesterol

Answer 20

A lipid that prevents the fatty acid tails of phospholipids bilayer from sticking together

Question 21

carbohydrate chain

Answer 21

Defined the cells characteristics, it identifies chemical signals

Question 22

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 22

The components of the cell membrane that is flexible

Question 23

Endocytosis

Answer 23

Cell surrounding a object in the outside environment, object enters cell

Question 24

Exocytosis

Answer 24

Excretion of materials at the plasma membrane, object exits the cell

Question 25

Hypertonic

Answer 25

Water moves out of the cell so it shrinks

Question 26

Hypotonic

Answer 26

Water moves into the cell so it swells

Question 27

Isotonic

Answer 27

Water enters and leaves the cell at the same rate

Question 28

Active transport

Answer 28

Movement of particles across the cell membrane that requires energy

Question 29

Passive transport

Answer 29

Movement of particles across the cell membrane that doesn’t require energy

Question 30

Diffusion

Answer 30

Movement from a area of high to low concentration

Question 31

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 31

Transport of protein across the plasma membrane

Question 32

Osmosis

Answer 32

Water moving across a membrane until both sides are the same concentration

Question 33

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 33

Molecules move cu the concentration remains the same

Question 34

Semipermeable

Answer 34

Allows certain substances like solvents and maybe solutes

Question 35

Homeostasis

Answer 35

The process where a cell maintains a stable internal environment despite its external environment