Cells - Cell Structure Flashcards
Plasmid
A plasmid is a small ring of genetic material which is found in bacterial cells
How could you describe the cell membrane, ____ permeable which controls _____
A cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane which controls what enters and exits the cell
Cytoplasm
A cytoplasm is a watery, jelly like material within cells containing organelles that are the sites of various chemical reactions
Cell wall
A cell wall is the outer layer of plant, fungal and bacterial cells and helps support the cell
Vacuole
A vacuole is a membrane-bound sac which stores a solution of water, salts and sugar and helps support plant and fungal cells
Chloroplast
A chloroplast makes carbohydrate in green plant cells using light energy in the process of photosynthesis
Mitrochondrion
A mitochondrion is the main site of ATP production in aerobic respiration and is found in animal, plant and fungal cells
Ribosome
A ribosome is the site of protein synthesis in cells
- Aerobic Respiration *
Aerobic respiration is the release of energy from food by a cell using oxygen
- Cellulose *
Cellulose is the structural carbohydrate of which plant cell walls are composed
What is a unicellular organism?
A unicellular organism is an organism with one single cell
What is a multicellular organism?
A multicellular organism is an organism made up of many cells
Describe the ultrastructure of an animal cell
- Cell membrane
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
Describe the ultrastructure of a plant cell
- Cell membrane
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
- Cell wall
- Sap vacuole
Where are chloroplasts found?
Chloroplasts are found in green plant cells
Describe the ultrastructure of a fungal cell
- cell wall
- cell membrane
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- vacuole
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
Describe the ultrastructure of a bacterial cell
- cell wall
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- plasmids
- ribosomes
Describe the nucleus
The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities
Describe the cell membrane
The cell membrane controls the entry and exit of substances into and out of the cell
State what the cell organelles nuclei, mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common
They are compartments found in the cytoplasm and are the site of chemical reactions
Which cell does not contain organelles?
The bacterial cell
Describe the function of the cell wall
The cell wall is for support and shape and to prevent plant cells from bursting
Describe the function of the vacuole
The vacuole stores a watery solution of salts and sugars and helps to support cells
