Cells, Cell Specialization, Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport And Osmoregulation In Amoeba Flashcards
What are the two major types of cells on earth?
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
What is a flagellum?
A whip like part on a cell used for movement.
What are eukaryotes?
Evolved from prokaryotes, larger and more complex, contain a nucleus and organelles, single celled or multi-cellular and many chromosomes
What are prokaryotes?
The most ancient cell that is small and simple, no nucleus and organelles, single celled and has a single chromosome
What do both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have in common?
They both have dna, ribosomes, cytoplasm and a plasma membrane.
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a semi permeable membrane.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
What is active transport?
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy from respiration.
What are cells?
Cells are the basic unit of all living organisms.
What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular?
Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell while multicellular organisms are made up of many different cells.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
It surrounds the cell and it controls what enters and leaves it
What is the cytoplasm?
A gel like substance that fills the cells and contains organelles. Chemical reactions occur here
What is the cell wall?
It is made of cellulose and it surrounds plant cells and gives them their shapes
The following are cell organelles.
What is a nucleus?
A spherical structure located in the cytoplasm surrounded by the nuclear membrane. Nucleus have chromosomes made up of DNA
What is mitochondria?
It is the powerhouse of the cell through which respiration occurs in.
What is chloroplast?
It contains chlorophyll and photosynthesis occurs in it.
What is a large permanent vacuole?
They are large fluid filled spaces surrounding a membrane that are permanent in plant cells and temporary in animal cells which store water and dissolved substances.
What are ribosomes?
It carries out production of proteins.
What are three specialized animal cells?
Ciliated epithelial cells
Red blood cells
Phagocyte cells
What is the purpose of the ciliated epithelial cell?
It lines the respiratory tract and helps trap dust
What is the purpose of red blood cells?
It carries oxygen in blood
What is the purpose of phagocyte cells?
It kills bacteria / pathogens.
What are 3 examples of specialized plant cells?
Palisade cell, xylem cell, phloem cell.
