Cells And Energy

Question 1

Chemical energy

Answer 1

Carried by ATP in carbon based molecules, not directly from food,useable after a series of chemical reactions

Question 2

ATP (adenine triphosphate)

Answer 2

Molecule that transfers energy from their broken down molecules to the cell

Question 3

What does ATP contain?

Answer 3

Adenine (nitrogen base)
Ribose (5 carbon sugar)
Phosphate group (3)

Question 4

What is used to breakdown glucose?

Answer 4

Enzymes

Question 5

Molecules energies

Answer 5

Carb 4
Lipid 9
Protein 4

Question 6

ADP (adenosine diphosphate)

Answer 6

A lower energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by adding a phosphate group

Question 7

Photosynthesis

Answer 7

Produces sugars that store chemical energy by capturing sunlight to make sugars

Question 8

Producers

Answer 8

Make their own source of chemical energy

Question 9

Chrophyll

Answer 9

A molecule that absorbs sunlight found in chloroplasts, made of the thylakoids or grana and stroma

Question 10

Light dependent

Answer 10

First step where energy from sunlight is captured in the thylakoids using water and releasing oxygen

Question 11

Light independent

Answer 11

Second step in which sugar is made in the stroma using carbon dioxide in chemical reactions

Question 12

Photosynthesis equation

Answer 12

6CO2+6H2O=C6H12O6+6O2

Question 13

Fermentation

Answer 13

An aerobic process that allows the production of a small amount of ATP without oxygen and glycolysis to continue when oxygen is unavailable (doesn’t produce ATP)

Question 14

Anaerobic

Answer 14

Oxygen is needed

Question 15

Aerobic

Answer 15

No oxygen needed

Question 16

What are the two types of fermentation?

Answer 16

Lactic acid and alcohol fermentation

Question 17

Lactic acid

Answer 17

In muscle cells energy converts pyro ate into lactic acid causing sore muscles

Question 18

Alcoholic fermentation

Answer 18

Energy uses split pyruvate into an alcohol and carbon dioxide

Question 19

What can lactic acid fermentation be used for?

Answer 19

Sore muscles and yogurt and cheese

Question 20

What can alcoholic fermentation be used for?

Answer 20

Alcohol and yeast in bread

Question 21

Cellular respiration

Answer 21

Converts sugar into ATP using oxygen in the mitochondria

Question 22

Steps of cellular respiration

Answer 22

Glycolysis
Fermentation (no O2) or Kreb’s cycle (O2)
Glycolysis (no O2) or electron transport chain (O2)

Question 23

Glycolysis

Answer 23

Anaerobic process in the cytoplasm that splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvate producing 4 ATP after use of 2 ATP (2 ATP total)

Question 24

Kreb’s cycle

Answer 24

Transfers energy to electron transport chain in the matrix of the mitochondria making 6CO2 and 2 ATP

Question 25

Electron transport chain

Answer 25

Produces large amounts of ATP in the inner membrane of the mitochondria uses 6 oxygen and Kreb’s cycle energy and produces 32-34 ATP and 6H2O

Question 26

Cellular respiration equation

Answer 26

C6H126O2+6O2——–>6CO2+6H2O+ATP