Cells and Cell Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

Principle Components of Cells

A

Cell Membrane/Plasma
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

Largest oranelle that contains the nucleolus and chromatine. Regulates cellular processes

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3
Q

Chromatin

A

Strand of nearly equal amounts of DNA and globular histone proteins. Loose and diffused chromosomes

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4
Q

Nucleolus

A

Spherical body in nucleus that is fundamental to the growth rate of the cell

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5
Q

Somatic Cells

A

Human cells that make up organs, tissues, structures, etc. that contain 2 sets of 23 chromosomes and proliferate by mitosis

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6
Q

Germ Cells

A

Human cells associated with reproduction that contain 1 set of 23 chromosomes

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7
Q

Interphase

A

Total period from cell formation to cell division of the Cell Cycle where the cell grows and carries on its normal activities

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8
Q

Mitosis

A

Period of the Cell Cycle where the cell reproduces

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9
Q

4 Stages of the Cell Cycle

A

G1: Active growth and metabolism

S: DNA synthesis and duplication

G2: Synthesis of molecules in preparation for cell division

M: Mitosis

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10
Q

G1 Phase

A

Sub-phase of interphase where the cell synthesizes proteins & grow vigorously

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11
Q

S phase

A

Sub-phase of interphase where DNA replicates

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12
Q

G2 Phase

A

Sub-phase of interphase where enzymes/proteins needed for division are synthesized and moved to their proper sites

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13
Q

Sub-phases of Mitosis

A

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase/cytokinesis

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14
Q

Meiosis

A

Process by which germ cells divide
No DNA replication
Daughter cells only have 1/2 the genetic material of the parent cell

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