Cell Survival Curves Flashcards

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1
Q

Reproductive Death

A

Loss of the ability to divide indefinitely

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2
Q

Relevant Doses

A

100 Gy - destroys cell function in non-proliferating systems

2 Gy - mean lethal dose for loss of proliferative capacity

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3
Q

In-Vitro

A

Studies performed on cells outside of their biological context (in petri-dishes)

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4
Q

Clonogenic Cells

A

Cells that have retained reproductive integrity and is able to proliferate indefinitely

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5
Q

Survival Curve

A

Describes the relationship between radiation dose and the fraction of cells that survive that dose

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6
Q

Plating Efficiency

A

Percentage of cells, in the control batch, that grow into colonies

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7
Q

Surviving Fraction

A

Fraction of cells that plate successfully and survive irradiation

(Colonies Counted) / (Cells Seeded x Plating Efficiency/100)

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8
Q

Relationship between survival curves and LET

A

As LET increases:

  • Slope of curve increases
  • Curve becomes more linear on semi-log plot
  • Shoulder disappears
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9
Q

2 General Cell Survival Models

A

Linear Quadratic Model

Multi-target Model

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10
Q

Linear Quadratic Model

A

First component - cell killing is proportional to dose for damage caused by a single event

Second component - cell killing is proportional to dose squared for damage caused by multiple events

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11
Q

Multi-target Model

A

Based on the probability of hitting the target

Initial slope is due to single-event killing and final slope is due to multiple-event killing

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12
Q

Bystander Effect

A

Induction of biological effects in cells not directly traversed by a charged particle but in close proximity to the charged particle

Appears mainly at low doses

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13
Q

Cause of Bystander Effect

A

Cytotoxic materials produced in irradiated cell is released into bystander cells via gap-junction communication medium and cause bystander cell death

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14
Q

Apoptotic (Programmed) Cell Death

A

Cell ceases to communicate with neighbors
Cell detaches from neighbors
Chromatin condenses at nuclear membrane
Fragmentation of nucleus
Cell shrinks and separates into membrane bound fragments
Little or no dose-rate effect

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15
Q

Mitotic Cell Death

A

Most common form of cell death following radiation exposure
Results from exchange type aberrations
Cells die attempting to divide with damaged chromosomes
Substantial Dose Rate Effect

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16
Q

Fixed Post-Mitotic Cells

A

Do not divide, highly differentiated

-skin, red blood cell, muscle, nerve

17
Q

Reverting Post-Mitotic Cells

A

Don’t divide regularly, but can if needed

-Liver Cells

18
Q

Differentiating Inter-Mitotic

A

Divide regularly, some differentiation

-Spermatocytes

19
Q

Vegetative Inter-Mitotic

A

Produce cells like themselves, go through mitosis regularly

-Intestinal crypt cells

20
Q

Cell Classifications from least radiosensitivity to highest radiosensitivity

A

Fixed Post-Mitotic

Reverting Post-Mitotic

Differentiating Inter-Mitotic

Vegetative Inter-Mitotic