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Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

Define an organelle

A
  • small body within a cell
  • carries on certain functions
  • organelles make 5% to 30% of cell, rest is water
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2
Q

Define lysosomes

A

• helps recycle food waste

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3
Q

Define chloroplast

A
  • green organelle
  • in plant cell
  • carry on photosynthesis
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4
Q

Define mitochondria

A

• makes energy for cell

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5
Q

Define carbon dioxide

A
  • waste product from cellular respiration

* animal cells

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6
Q

Define selectively permeable membrane

A

• only lets certain things in and out of cell

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7
Q

Define photosynthesis

A
  • process in plant cells

* produces food for energy

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8
Q

Define glucose

A
  • substance used by mitochondria
  • makes energy
  • type of sugar
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9
Q

Define ribosomes

A

• makes proteins

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10
Q

Define the endoplasmic reticulum
What are the different types?
What is the difference?

A

• moves things around in cells tubes

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum-
Has no ribosomes attached to it

Rough endoplasmic reticulum-
Has ribosomes attaches to it

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11
Q

Define vesicles

A

• acts like postal delivery

Sends messages to places or makes something

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12
Q

Define a vacuole
What are the different types?
Which cell are they located in?

A

• place to store food or wastes

Animal cell-
• Multiple vacuoles spread all over the place
• smaller

Plant cell-
• One central vacuole
• bigger

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13
Q

Define proteins

A
  • complicated molecule

* made in cell by ribosomes

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14
Q

Define prokaryotic cells

Give an example

A
  • cell without membrane

* bacteria

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15
Q

Define eukaryotic cells

What kind of things are in these cells?

A
  • cell with membrane

* nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum etc

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16
Q

Define streptococcus

A
  • type of bacteria

* can cause flesh-eating disease

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17
Q

Define diffusion

What are the different types of diffusion?

A
  • name of kind of movement
  • involves food and wastes

High concentration-
Where a lot of something is
Steeper concentration-
Higher concentration in one place, travels faster

Low concentration-
Where something is not, where something is going
Shallow concentration-
Less concentration in one area, travels slower

18
Q

Define osmosis

A

• name for water movement in and out of a cell

19
Q

To make energy an animal cell must start off with?

A
  • food

* oxygen

20
Q

To start making food a plant cell must start off with?

A
  • sunlight
  • carbon dioxide
  • water
21
Q

In an animal cell food and oxygen are used to make?

A
  • carbon dioxide
  • water
  • energy
22
Q

I’m a plant cell, carbon dioxide, sunlight, and water form to make?

A
  • oxygen

* food

23
Q

The jelly like substance found inside a cell is called?

A

Cytoplasm

24
Q

All cells have a different amount of _________ that carry on different jobs in the cell

A

• organelles

25
Q

What are the organelles found inside of an animal cell?

Label them on a diagram (paper)

A
  • vacuole
  • cytoplasm
  • Golgi body/ apparatus
  • nucleus
  • nuclear membrane
  • endoplasmic reticulum S.E.R//// R.E.R
  • cell membrane
  • mitochondria
  • vesicles
  • lysosomes
  • ribosomes
26
Q

What are the organelles found inside of a plant cell?
Label them on a diagram (paper)
What organelles are only found inside of a plant cell?

A
  • vacuole
  • cytoplasm
  • Golgi body/ apparatus
  • cell wall
  • nucleus
  • nuclear membrane
  • endoplasmic reticulum S.E.R//// R.E.R
  • cell membrane
  • mitochondria
  • vesicles
  • lysosomes
  • ribosomes
  • chloroplast

The two only found in plant cells are :
• chloroplast
• cell wall

27
Q

The process that produces energy For an animal cell is called _______.

A

Cellular respiration

28
Q

The total chemical reactions in a body is called its _______.

A

Metabolism

29
Q

In photosynthesis, one waste product is _____.

A

Oxygen

30
Q

True or false

Organelles are small bodies in a cell that make things such as energy or protein

A

True

31
Q

True or false

The nucleus is very important because it makes energy for the cell

A

False

The mitochondria is very important because it makes energy for the cell

32
Q

True or false

Proteins are some of the most important molecules made in a cell

A

True

33
Q

True or false

Vacuoles are large in animal cells and are used for making proteins

A

False
Vacuoles are very large in plant cells. In the animal cell it is used for storing waste l, but in plant cells, they usually store food.

34
Q

True or false

The cell wall in animal cells helps to keep certain things in and other things out of a cell

A

False

The cell membrane in animal cells helps keeps certain things in and certain things out of the cell.

35
Q

True or false

Chloroplasts are found in plants and trap the sunlight for photosynthesis

A

True

36
Q

True or false

Cell theory tells us that all organisms are made up of one or more cells

A

True

37
Q

True or false

Ribosomes are the main organelles in cellular respiration and produce the energy needed for the cell to use.

A

False

Mitochondria are the main organelles used in cellular respiration and produce the energy in animal cells

38
Q

Define nucleus

A
  • organelle that controls everything that happens

* stores DNA

39
Q

Define Golgi body/ apparatus

A
  • stores proteins Inside a membrane

* in an even smaller package called a vesicle

40
Q

Which cell is cellular respiration used in?

Describe the process of cellular respiration

A

Animal cell

Food-
Taken into cell, made into glucose

Oxygen-
All animal cells need oxygen

Now In the mitochondria

Carbon dioxide-
Waste product out of cell

Water-
Animals need water, most of cell is made of water

Energy-
Runs a cell

41
Q

Which cell is photosynthesis used in?

Describe the process of photosynthesis

A

Plant cells

Light & energy-
Usually sunlight

Carbon dioxide-
Gas in air around plant

Water-
Water comes from roots

In mitochondria

Food-
Glucose is stored in vacuoles

Oxygen-
Waste product which plant gives off to air

42
Q

Describe the cycle of organelles

A

Ribosomes bring simple pieces together to make protein.
Some ribosomes float around in cytoplasm, others attach to endoplasmic reticulum.
Then, proteins are passed along endoplasmic reticulum and passed to Golgi bodies.
Golgi body sorts them out, puts each kind into storage, called a vesicle.
Vesicles move around, deliver proteins, food, nutrients, and water into and out of cells as well as around cell.
Then vacuoles temporary store things, then pass waste to lysosomes.
Lysosomes are small organelles where waste is digested into very tiny molecules.
They are recycled back to other organelles like ribosomes to make new proteins.

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