Cells Flashcards
Define an organelle
- small body within a cell
- carries on certain functions
- organelles make 5% to 30% of cell, rest is water
Define lysosomes
• helps recycle food waste
Define chloroplast
- green organelle
- in plant cell
- carry on photosynthesis
Define mitochondria
• makes energy for cell
Define carbon dioxide
- waste product from cellular respiration
* animal cells
Define selectively permeable membrane
• only lets certain things in and out of cell
Define photosynthesis
- process in plant cells
* produces food for energy
Define glucose
- substance used by mitochondria
- makes energy
- type of sugar
Define ribosomes
• makes proteins
Define the endoplasmic reticulum
What are the different types?
What is the difference?
• moves things around in cells tubes
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum-
Has no ribosomes attached to it
Rough endoplasmic reticulum-
Has ribosomes attaches to it
Define vesicles
• acts like postal delivery
Sends messages to places or makes something
Define a vacuole
What are the different types?
Which cell are they located in?
• place to store food or wastes
Animal cell-
• Multiple vacuoles spread all over the place
• smaller
Plant cell-
• One central vacuole
• bigger
Define proteins
- complicated molecule
* made in cell by ribosomes
Define prokaryotic cells
Give an example
- cell without membrane
* bacteria
Define eukaryotic cells
What kind of things are in these cells?
- cell with membrane
* nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum etc
Define streptococcus
- type of bacteria
* can cause flesh-eating disease
Define diffusion
What are the different types of diffusion?
- name of kind of movement
- involves food and wastes
High concentration-
Where a lot of something is
Steeper concentration-
Higher concentration in one place, travels faster
Low concentration-
Where something is not, where something is going
Shallow concentration-
Less concentration in one area, travels slower
Define osmosis
• name for water movement in and out of a cell
To make energy an animal cell must start off with?
- food
* oxygen
To start making food a plant cell must start off with?
- sunlight
- carbon dioxide
- water
In an animal cell food and oxygen are used to make?
- carbon dioxide
- water
- energy
I’m a plant cell, carbon dioxide, sunlight, and water form to make?
- oxygen
* food
The jelly like substance found inside a cell is called?
Cytoplasm
All cells have a different amount of _________ that carry on different jobs in the cell
• organelles
What are the organelles found inside of an animal cell?
Label them on a diagram (paper)
- vacuole
- cytoplasm
- Golgi body/ apparatus
- nucleus
- nuclear membrane
- endoplasmic reticulum S.E.R//// R.E.R
- cell membrane
- mitochondria
- vesicles
- lysosomes
- ribosomes
What are the organelles found inside of a plant cell?
Label them on a diagram (paper)
What organelles are only found inside of a plant cell?
- vacuole
- cytoplasm
- Golgi body/ apparatus
- cell wall
- nucleus
- nuclear membrane
- endoplasmic reticulum S.E.R//// R.E.R
- cell membrane
- mitochondria
- vesicles
- lysosomes
- ribosomes
- chloroplast
The two only found in plant cells are :
• chloroplast
• cell wall
The process that produces energy For an animal cell is called _______.
Cellular respiration
The total chemical reactions in a body is called its _______.
Metabolism
In photosynthesis, one waste product is _____.
Oxygen
True or false
Organelles are small bodies in a cell that make things such as energy or protein
True
True or false
The nucleus is very important because it makes energy for the cell
False
The mitochondria is very important because it makes energy for the cell
True or false
Proteins are some of the most important molecules made in a cell
True
True or false
Vacuoles are large in animal cells and are used for making proteins
False
Vacuoles are very large in plant cells. In the animal cell it is used for storing waste l, but in plant cells, they usually store food.
True or false
The cell wall in animal cells helps to keep certain things in and other things out of a cell
False
The cell membrane in animal cells helps keeps certain things in and certain things out of the cell.
True or false
Chloroplasts are found in plants and trap the sunlight for photosynthesis
True
True or false
Cell theory tells us that all organisms are made up of one or more cells
True
True or false
Ribosomes are the main organelles in cellular respiration and produce the energy needed for the cell to use.
False
Mitochondria are the main organelles used in cellular respiration and produce the energy in animal cells
Define nucleus
- organelle that controls everything that happens
* stores DNA
Define Golgi body/ apparatus
- stores proteins Inside a membrane
* in an even smaller package called a vesicle
Which cell is cellular respiration used in?
Describe the process of cellular respiration
Animal cell
Food-
Taken into cell, made into glucose
Oxygen-
All animal cells need oxygen
Now In the mitochondria
Carbon dioxide-
Waste product out of cell
Water-
Animals need water, most of cell is made of water
Energy-
Runs a cell
Which cell is photosynthesis used in?
Describe the process of photosynthesis
Plant cells
Light & energy-
Usually sunlight
Carbon dioxide-
Gas in air around plant
Water-
Water comes from roots
In mitochondria
Food-
Glucose is stored in vacuoles
Oxygen-
Waste product which plant gives off to air
Describe the cycle of organelles
Ribosomes bring simple pieces together to make protein.
Some ribosomes float around in cytoplasm, others attach to endoplasmic reticulum.
Then, proteins are passed along endoplasmic reticulum and passed to Golgi bodies.
Golgi body sorts them out, puts each kind into storage, called a vesicle.
Vesicles move around, deliver proteins, food, nutrients, and water into and out of cells as well as around cell.
Then vacuoles temporary store things, then pass waste to lysosomes.
Lysosomes are small organelles where waste is digested into very tiny molecules.
They are recycled back to other organelles like ribosomes to make new proteins.
