CELLS Flashcards
1
Q
Explain Interphase
A
G1 = prepare for DNA rep, synthesis of of tRNA, ribs, mRNA, enzymes
S = DNA replication
G2 = synthesis of spindles
2
Q
Explain Prophase
A
- centrosome + centrioles replicate and migrate to opp poles
- spindle fibres form
- nuclear membrane breaks down
- chromatin condenses to chromosomes
3
Q
Explain Metaphase
A
- chromosomes arranged on metaphase plate (equator)
4
Q
Explain Anaphase
A
- sister chromatids pulled apart - cohesion proteins between them are broken down
- chromosomes pulled to opp poles of cells (spindles contract)
5
Q
Explain telophase
A
- spindles fibres gone
- chromosomes (doubled) decondense into chromatin
- nuclear membrane reforms
6
Q
explain cytokinesis
A
- cytoplasm divides
- cleavage
- folding edges of membrane meet and fuse
7
Q
macromolecules
A
- nucleic acids
- proteins (AAs)
- carbohydrates
- lipids
8
Q
What is DNA’s role
A
stores genetic information (made of nucleotides)
9
Q
cell theory
A
- all living things
- cell = uniit of life
- all originated from past cells
10
Q
What is apoptosis
A
- programmed cell death
- occurs when cells are too old or if there is a mistake in mitosis
11
Q
characterisitics of life
A
- Chemical uniqueness
- Complexity and hierarchical organization
- Reproduction
- Possession of genetic program - DNA
- Metabolism - chemical energy
- Development - growth
- Environmental interaction
- Movement
- Change over time - evo
