cells Flashcards
what are eukaryotic cells
They are complex cells. Eg: plant and animal cells
What are prokaryotic cells?
They are small and simple cells. Eg: bacteria cells
Nucleus:
Contains genetic info which controls the activities of the cell
Cytoplasm
This is where most of the cells reactions happen
Cell membrane
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
Mitochondria
This where reputation occurs and the cell gets its energy from here
Ribosomes
Protein synthesis occurs here
Cell wall
It supports and strengthens cell
Vacuole
Contains cell sap and also maintains the internal pressure or cell
Chloroplast
This is where photosynthesis occurs
What is chromosomal DNA in the bacteria
It is one long circular piece of DNA which floats freely in the cell
Flagellum
A long hair like structure used by the bacteria for movement
Facts about egg cell:
- Contains nutrients in the cytoplasm to feed the embryo
- Has a haploid nucleus
Facts about sperm cell
- Has a long tail for movement
- Lots of mitochondria in the middle section so it has energy
- Has acrosome on the head which has enzymes to digest into the egg
- It is a haploid
Where are stem cells found?
Bone marrow
Where is meristems found?
Plant tissues
How can stem cells be used in medicine
If a person has a disease, doing a bone marrow transplant gives the body stem cells can help as they can become specialised into cells which are needed
What are some risks of bone marrow transplant
- Tumour development- this is because the stem cells can divide too quicky causing a Tumour to develope
- rejection- the body may recognize the stem cells as foreign which can trigger an immune response
What is cell differentiation
This is when a stem cell become specialised
What is cancer
Uncontrolled cell division
What are haploid cells
This is a cell which contains half the number of chromosomes (23)
What are diploid cells
Cell which contains 46 chromosomes
What is a gamete
Sex cell
What is a zygote
Fertilized egg cell
