Cells Flashcards
How many different types of cells are in the body?
approximately 200
What are stem cells?
Cells which have stopped development and are not yet committed to becoming a certain cell type
What are 2 things all cells have to do?
1- carry on living
2- produce protein enzymes that make something in the body
What are the 4 resources cells have?
1- cell wall
2- “machinery”
3- DNA (“plan”)
4- raw material
What is the “working surface” of the cell called, upon which proteins are modified?
Endoplasmic reticulum
On which organelle are molecules packaged up into bubbles for export or movement within the cell?
Gogli body (or complex)
Where does the energy which the cells need come from?
Energy released from broken bonds in food
What determines what the cell does? “The plan”
The DNA
In which organelle in the cell is the DNA located?
The Nucleus
What is the difference between active transport across the cell membrane and passive transport across the cell membrane?
Active transport requires the use of energy from ATP (ie pumps)
Passive transport does not require energy (ie diffusion)
What do ribosomes do?
Assemble the correct amino acids to create desired proteins
Is it the actual DNA molecule or a copy that comes out of the nucleus into the ribosome?
It is a copy which comes out of the nucleus into the ribosome
What is the name of the molecule on which the cell stores the energy it gets from protein food molecules?
Energy is store in the ATP (adenosine tri phosphate)
In which organelles of the cells do the food molecules get broken to release the energy bonds?
Food molecules are broken down in the mitochondria
All enzymes are proteins but not all proteins are enzymes. Name 2 other jobs proteins can have.
Cell scaffolding
Making muscles contract
