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Anatomy Mid term > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

cell membrane

A

sits outside the cell

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2
Q

Nuclues

A

DNA in control center

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3
Q

nucleolus has what in it

A

the DNA and RNA and they are the messanger

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4
Q

mitochondria does what

A

ATP that makes energy for the cell

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5
Q

lysosomes

A

waste management - pick up the trash
clean up
intracellular digestion
auto digestion

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6
Q

peroxisomes

A

break down
oxidative enzymes
destroys fatty acids

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7
Q

centrioles are important in

A

cell division

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8
Q

cytoplasm

A

jelly - liquid
maintains structure
storage
eliminates waste

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9
Q

smooth ER

A

no ribosomes - lip
Think of amazon

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10
Q

rough ER

A

protein synthesis

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11
Q

ribosomes

A

Synthesize protein by using RNA

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12
Q

Golgi apparatus what does it do

A

Golgi apparatus (UPS) package the proteins for u and fold the protein and send it out to the cell

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13
Q

cytoskeletal

A

framework, shell shape

gives shape to the structure

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14
Q

vesicles

A

holes that release cells

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15
Q

Cytosol

A

gelatinous , semi liked structure

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16
Q

cells are what kind of water

A

are phospholipid bilayer b/c it has two layers

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17
Q

Meiosis

A

reproduction of gametes

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18
Q

Interphase

A

G1 - gap

S - phase- DNA synthsis

G2 - RNA and protein synthsis

M- Mitosis Occurs

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19
Q

Mitosis divided into four phases

A

Prophase - condensation of chromosome

metaphase - chromosomes meet in the middle

anaphase - chromosomes are pulling apart

teleophase - u see cleavage of cell far away

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20
Q

cytokonisis

A

creating brand new cells

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21
Q

apoptosis

A

programmed cell death

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22
Q

what is the role of ATP

A

creates a chemical energy

catabolized energy to be transferred

Use - synthesis molecules

muscle contraction and active transport

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23
Q

cell junctions

A

adherens - like a rubber band

desmosomes - anchors

hemidesmosomes - connect only on one side

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24
Q

junctional complex

A

desmosomes

tight junction

gap junctions

connexons

gating

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25
anabolism
energy using
26
catabolism
breaking things down
27
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the
mitochondria
28
Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)
converts energy into ATP
29
Food and production of cellular energy
digestion glycolysis and oxidation citric acid cycle oxidative phosphyorylation
30
passive transport
does not require energy
31
active transport does
requires energy - ATP
32
diffusion
goes from greater level of lower concentration high level to low level
33
hydrostatic pressure
pushes things out of blood vessels
34
osmosis
only refers to water high to low
35
osmolarity (LARI)
measures solute in solution think of liter
36
osmolality (Lali)
KG
37
isotonic
same NS (same concentration)
38
hypertonic
to much pressure | (Cell shrink)
39
hypotonic
to low (cells swell up) Gatorade - swells cells
40
endocytosis
take things in
41
phagocytosis
enters cells to destroy cells engulf
42
pinocytosis
cell ingestion
43
clarathin mediated
engulfs large cells
44
exocytosis
expels waste
45
caveolae - mediated
functions as an uptake vesicle important site for signal transduction
46
inside of cell is more _____ charged than outside the cell
negative
47
mediated transport can be
active or passive transport
48
Symbicort means
molecules move in one direction
49
antiport
2 molecules move in opposite directions
50
depolarization
Go charging up the cell
51
threshold potential
get to the point
52
repolarization means
coming down
53
refractory period
resting phase nothing is working at this time closed shop for a while
54
meiosis
reproduction
55
Reproduction of cells
G1 - GAP S= DNA synthesis G2 - RNA and protein synthesis M- Mitosis occurs
56
negative feed back system
controlled by receptors if something is going on in body the negative system takes affect by trying to bring your body back to normal by brining systems down
57
positive feed back system
thinks are liking together keep going up and down together we are all alike and positive
58
what is an example of positive feedback system
FSH/LH level - hormone rises up and then goes down togethier labor and delivery - contractions
59
atrophy
decrease in cell size and leaves in cell death
60
meiosis
formation of haploid and diploid cells
61
hypertrophy
increase in cell size
62
hyperplasia
increased in cell number
63
autoimmune disease who often has the disease
female
64
metaplasia
reversible replacement of one mature cell for another cell ex - in lungs after smoking
65
dysplasia
abnormal changes in cells size and shape, this is irreversible and can lead to cancer
66
hemochromatosis is autosomal \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
autosomal recessive
67
Wilsons disease caused by what
increased copper accumulation
68
Wilson disease is an autosomal ________ disease
recessive
69
How do you excrete copper mainly
in bowels
70
Copper binds with what
ATP7B
71
with Wilsons disease you can end up with
cirrhosis of the liver brain issues
72
Wilson disease you will see a what in your eye
Kayser Fleischer rings around eyes
73
necrosis means
cell death
74
plasma membrane is composed mainly of
ampithatic molecules
75
Coagulaton necrosis
cardiac infarct
76
apotosis
programmed cell death
77
coagulative cell death
gel like substance typically affects the liver
78
liquefactive cell dealth
typically form a cyst in neurons
79
caseous cell death
cheese like common in TB patients
80
Fat cell death
usually in breasts, pancreas
81
gangrene
cell death
82
wet gangrene
pus fluid filled
83
dry gangrene
black, falling off
84
active transport needs
NA and K
85
Antiport takes what out of the cell
NA and K
86
inside of the cell is more ______ than outside of the cell
negative

Anatomy Mid term (17 decks)

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