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Cell Wall Synthesis And Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards

0
Q

Aminoglycosides and Quinolones have what type of kinectics in bacterial killing?

A

Concentration dependent

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1
Q

What do u call the property of CA that permits them to target only those vital to microbe and not to man? In what mechanism.

A

Unique selectivity. Selective toxicity. By exploiting the basic chemical and physical differences bet the two.

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2
Q

Among penicillins what are those that are repository in nature. Give classification.

A

Benzathine and Procaine – naturally occuring penicillin.

B for RHF aand for syphilis

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3
Q

What drug mist be combined withr penicillin to prolong its concentration in the blood.

A

Probenecid

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4
Q

This drug is mainly used for staphylococcal infections

A

Methicillin/ nafcicillin/ isoxacillin group

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5
Q

Why is methicilin pulled out from the market

A

Causes acite tubular necrosis and acute tubular nephritis

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6
Q

True or false. Naturally occuring penicillins have activity on gram positive org and gram negative org.

A

False. Major - gram positive org. gram negativice cocci
Minor to little - gram negative rods

Can also act on streptococci.

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7
Q

Amoxicillin must be taken with food.

A

Not necessarily, absorption not impaired by food.

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8
Q

Give the repository form of penicillin

A

Benzathine and procaine

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9
Q

This repository drug is used for RHF to prevent reinfection thus endocarditis

A

Benzathine, once every 3-4 weeks

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10
Q

This repository drug is used for syphilis treatment

A

Benzathine, once a week x 3 wks

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11
Q

Oral absorption of penicillin depends on what factors:

A

Acid stability and protein binding

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12
Q

Penicillins can be used on lactating moms.

A

False. It is excreted in the breast milk and sputum

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13
Q

Give the mode of excretion of penicillins

A

Renally excreted, rapidly.

Nafcillin- biliary
DOC - biliary and kidney

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14
Q

Normally, penicillin poorly penetrates what organs?

A

PEC

Prostate
Eyes
CSF

But with acute inflammation, it can cross the meninges

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15
Q

This drug can increase drug concentration in the blood and tissue because it impairs absorption.

A

Benzathine and procaine

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16
Q

This drug increases penicillin blood level via preventing its renal tubular secretion

A

Probenecid

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17
Q

What do u call the therapy wherein you switch from an IV to oral form

A

Step down therapy

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18
Q

Change of family of drugs therapy

A

Switch therapy

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19
Q

Acid stable penicillins that are well absorbed. 3

A

ADA

Amox
Dicloxacillin
Ampi

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20
Q

Generally prevents protein synthesis.

A

Macrolides

Aminoglycosides

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21
Q

Generally inhibits cell wall synthesis

A

Beta lactam

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22
Q

Normally inhibits DNA synthesis

A

Sulfonamides

Quniolones

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23
Q

Which is prefered? Narrow or broad spectrum?

A

Narrow because of dec drug resitance, low cost, medication error

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24
This group of penicillin have greater activity against gram negative but retaining that of its natural gram positive properties.
Extended spectrum antibiotics. - AMINOPENICILLIN - Amox and Ampi - ANTIPSEUDOMONNAL - CARBOXYPENICILLIN - UREIDO
25
This ESP is used for SOUL. Sinusitis, Otitis, UTI, LRTI
Aminopenicillin
26
Used for SHIGELLOSIS
Ampicillin
27
Used against K. Pneumonia (-)
Ureidopenicillin
28
This mechanism of resistance is mainly responsible for the resistance of methicilin on staphylocci and pen g on enterococci and pneumococci
Modification of altered PBPs.
29
This is used for mixed type of aerobic and nonaerobic intraabdominal bacterial infection
Suicidal inhibitors
30
This is the first line of tx for n. Gonorrhea
Cefixime, Ceftriaxone 3rd gen
31
This is the DOC for enterobacter
Carbapanems
32
Also known as big buns drugs
Carbapanems
33
This drug is effective against mized infection and nosocomially acquired infxns
Carbapanems
34
What type of beta lactamases do carabapinems suscpetible to
Metalobetalactamases
35
This griup of drug bunds to the d-ala terminus which prevents elongation and cross linking
Glycopeptide inhibitors
36
This glycopeptode inhibitor is the prototype and is characterized as having red man or red neck syndrome
Vancomycin
37
What must be done in cases of red neck syndrome
Decrease dosage
38
This drug is the 2nd choice for enterocolitis
Vancomycin.
39
Cephalosphorin used for p. Aeruginosa
Ceftazidime Ceforepazone 3rd gen
40
What drug is for citrobacter, serratia and providencia
3rd gen cephalosphorins
41
Wat drug is for h. Influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis
2nd gen cephalosporins Cephamycins - cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefometaxole
42
This generation of cephalosporin is rarely used because of the presence of penicillin
1st gen
43
This generation of cephalosporin is used for PRSP.
Cefipime
44
Drug used for PEK
1st gen. Cefazolin
45
This drug is mainly for gram negative RODS only
Monobactam. Aztreonam
46
This drud is classified as a monobactam because of the presence of a single beta lactam ring
Aztreonam
47
True or false. Aztreonam can affect anaerobes and gram positive org
No. Only GRAM NEGATIVE RODS
48
Which drug belongs to the methyltiotrazole group
Cefomandole Cefotetan Cefmetazole Cefoperazone . The MAN went to the METro to get some TAN because he has PERA.
49
What must be looked upon on patients taking methylisoxazole group drugs
Increased PTT and bleeding disorders
50
This glycopeptide is similar to vancomycin but with a longer half life of 45-70 hours
Teicoplanin
51
This drug is a semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide of vancomycin
Telavancin
52
This drug is a cyclic peptide which acts on surface lesions
Bacitracin
53
This drug is a cyclic lipopeptide with MOA not clearly defined but induces cell death via potassium efflux
Daptomycin
54
This drug inhits enolpyruvate transferase which is an enzyme in cell wall synthesis.
Fosfomycin
55
Fosfomycin can be used for pregnant woman with simple UTI
True
56
This is a glycopeptide inhibitor that can be used as second line TN drug. Water soluble but unstable at acidic pH
Cycloserine
57
This is similar to vancomycin oy with loner halflife
Teicoplanin
58
This is a cyclic lipopeptide that is more bactericidal in vitro. Causea cell death
Daptomycin
59
Sexond line drug for TB
Cycloserine
60
His inhibits alanine racemase and ligase enzyme
Cycloserine
61
This is a cyclic peptide that interferes with the dephosphorylation of lipid carrier
Bacitracin
62
Works on mixed bacteria on superficial lesions
Bacitracin
63
Inhibits trans peptidyl transferase
CMC, binds at 50s
64
Inhibits translocation
Macrolides. 50s
65
Inhibits attachment of aminoacyl tRNA to the acceptor site
Tetracyclines
66
Inhibits formation of initiation complex and misread a codon
Aminoglycoside
67
Inhibits both aminoacyl translocation and initiation complexes at 50s
Clindamycin
68
What is the first step in protein synthesis and second step
Binding of aminoacyl tRNA followed by transpeptidation
69
Give 3 resistances for tetracycline
Impaired influx or efflux. Ribosome prrotection Enzyme
70
Tetracycline must not be given to whom
Pregnant and less than 8 y/o
71
Among patients with renal insuff what drug can be and not given
Not -- CEFTRIAXONE | Yes -- DOXYCYCLINE AND TIGECYCLINE
72
Drug for SIADH
Demedocycline
73
This drug is the first glycylcycline. Effective against tetracycline resistrant trains. Can affect MRSA VISA VRE GRAM NEG ANAEROBES
Tigecycline
74
Proteus and pseudomonas is intrinsically resitant to this
Tigecycline
75
Tigecycline is adjusted to 50 with renal insuff
False. Biliary excreted
76
Stimulates motilin and unstable in acidic ph
Erythro
77
Used for MAC
Clarithro
78
This does not inhibit cyp
Azithro
79
Inhibits cyp450
Clarithro
80
Its major metabolite has its antimicrobial activity
Claritho
81
Not a macrolide and can be given to px with renal insuff
Clindamycin
82
Inhibits cyp3a4
Streptogammins
83
What drugs are increased with streptogammin usage
TC DAW
84
Bizarre side effect of Cmc
Aplastic anemia
85
This happens because it lacks glucoronyl transferase
Gray baby syndrome with cmc
86
What enzyme inactivates cmc
Cmc acetyltranseferase
87
It can cross CNS and CSF
CMC. 3rd gen cephalos plus cefu
88
An aminoglycoside effective against positive and negative severe infxns like sepsis
Gentamycin
89
Drug given for tb patients. as part of the first line tx
Streptomycin. Given IM or IV
90
Effective as genta with pos and neg but more active against pseudomonas
Tobamycin
91
For MDR
Amikacin
92
For those tobra and genta resitant
Netilmicin
93
Alternative for drug resistant gonorrhea
Spectinomycin Cefixime and Ceftriaxone -
94
Oxazoladinones
Prevents ribosome compelex formation
95
For VER
Linezolif
96
What aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic, ototoxic and vestibulooxic
O - KAN V - SG N - NTG
97
This drug class has both PALE AND PAE
Amino
98
This has only PALE
Macrolides
99
What is the reason for MRSA and Pen G resistance to pneumococci and enterococci
Modificiation of traget PBPs
100
Greater activity towards gram negative but retaining properties of gram positive
ESP
101
An ESP that can be used for K. Pneumoniae For sinusitis, otitis, URTI, LRTI
Ureidopenicillin - welcome to UK | Ampicillin - SOUL
102
This drug is a semisynthetic loglycopeptide from teicoplanin. Useful against MRSA and VISA
Dalbavancin
103
This drug inhibits the isomerization of L-alanine to D-alanine. Inhibits racemases and ligases
Cycloserine
104
Aminoglycoside structure
Spectinomycin
105
Causes resistance by forming methyltransferases and esterases that affects the binding at 50s
Macrolides
106
Can penetrate well into abscesses
Clindamycin
107
Among all glycopeptide inhibitors, which does not produce cross resistance
Bacitracin
108
Causes curare like syndrome
Aminoglycosides

PHARMA 3.0 (7 decks)

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