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pharma 3.0 > Anti-virals > Flashcards

Anti-virals Flashcards

0
Q

Oral nucleoside analogs for VZV and HSV

A

Acyclo, Valacyclo, Famciclovir

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1
Q

Of the drug against HSV and VZV which is available in intravenous form?

A

Acyclovir

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2
Q

Oral nucleoside analogs for VZV and HSV are all well tolerated?

A

True

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3
Q

Acycline guanosine derivative

A

Acyclovir

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4
Q

Acts BOTH as a chain terminator and substrate

A

TRUE. Lacks 3’OH

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5
Q

More than half of HSV strains are TK negative strains.

A

True

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6
Q

What causes R in acyclovir

A

Changes in DNA polymerase

Decreased TK activity

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7
Q

True or false. Acyclovir can be used prophylacticslly in immunocompromised patients

A

True, undergoing BMT and transplant

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8
Q

Acyclovir is HEMATOTOXIC

A

false, NOT HEMATOTOXIC

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9
Q

Ester of acyclovir

A

Valacyclovir

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10
Q

Among acyclovir and valacylovir, which decreased post herpetic pain?

A

Valacyclovir

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11
Q

Between valacyclovir and acyclovir, which has higher bioavialability in the CSF

A

Valacyclovir

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12
Q

In patients having crystalluria dt acyclovir, what must be dine

A

Increase hydration

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13
Q

How many phosphorylation must occur to activate antiviral agents

A

3

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14
Q

Valacyclovir undergo first pass metabolism

A

True

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15
Q

This causes DNA polymerase inhibition but cannot lead to chain termination because of the presence of 3’OH group

A

Famciclovir

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16
Q

Its prodrug is famciclovir

A

Penciclovir

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17
Q

It is a topocal cream that prevents the fusion between HSV and host cell thus preventing viral entry

A

Doconasol

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18
Q

This antiviral agent against HSV 1 and 2 has not been used because it competes for DNA incorporation both on human and viral DNA

A

Trifluridine

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19
Q

Trifluridine acts where?

A

Acts on the thrird phosphorylation with thymidine triphosphate for incorporation into the DNA.

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20
Q

New drig for EBV

A

Valomacyclovir

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21
Q

Same mechanism of acyclovir but acts in CMV and is not thymidine kinase dependent but phosphotransferase dependent which is also viral dependent?

A

Ganciclovir

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22
Q

Ganciclor which act on what virus, causes both chain termination and inhibition of viral DNA polymerase.

A

CMV — true

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23
Q

Can be used for HSV, VZV and CMV

A

Ganciclovir

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24
Q

Resistance is due to the absence of phosphotransferases

A

Ganciclovir

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25
Q

This antiviral drug causes HEMATOTOXICITY

A

ganciclovir

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26
Q

This antiviral drug has similar indication as that of gancivlovir (hsv, vzv, cmv) but is not dependent on phosphotransferases

A

Foscarnet

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27
Q

This drug undergoes viral independent phosphorylation

A

Foscarnet

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28
Q

MOA is that it prevents the binding of thymidine triphosphate to the DNA. Rather, blocks the pyrophosphate binding sites

A

Foscarnet

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29
Q

Can be used for acyclovir resistant strains if HSV which are TK negative

A

Foscarnet

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30
Q

What drug must not be given to patients having FOSCARNET

A

Pentamidine (hypocalcemia) and Ampho B and Aminoglycosides (nephrotoxic)

31
Q

Acts as both substarte and inhibitor and has viral independent phosphorylation

A

Cidofovir

32
Q

For CMV and HSV altered strain, and TK negative

A

Cidoforvir

33
Q

Used in intraocular implant

A

Ganciclovir

34
Q

Antiretroviral drug that competitively inhibts HIV reverse transcriptase and causes chain termination

A

NRTI

35
Q

This drug causes mitochondrial toxicity via DNA polymerase gamma

A

NRTI

36
Q

Fatal event with NRTI

A

Hepatic steatosis

37
Q

What must be monitored in givinig patients with NRTI?

A

Liver fxn tests

38
Q

Prototype of NRTI

A

Zidovudine

39
Q

What must ne monitored when giving AZT because it causes toxicity

A

CAPAS

cimetidine
Aspirin
Probenecid
Acetaminophen 
Sulfonamides
40
Q

Together with ganciclovir, what other drug is also dose dependetly HEMATOTOXIC and causes severe peripheral neuropathy

A

AZT

41
Q

Lipid metabolism apis affected with what antiretroviral

A

NRTI

42
Q

Didanosine commonly causes pancreatitis, and typical NRTI

A

Pancreatitis

43
Q

This antiretroviral drug has been said to be effective for hepa b

A

Lamivudine

44
Q

This antriretroviral binds directly to the viral DNA polymerase. Doesnt require phosphorylation nor comeptes

A

NNRTI

45
Q

Side effect NNRTI

A

SJS, GIT

46
Q

Metabolized by CYP450

A

NNRTI

47
Q

SaMPLE NNRTI

A

Efavirenz. Nevirapine

48
Q

This antiretroviral has side effect of fat redistribution

A

Protease INhibitor

49
Q

Inhibitor for cyp3a4

A

PI

50
Q

Ritonavir is an example of a protease inhibitor

A

Trie

51
Q

Antoretroviral that causes insulin resistance

A

PI

52
Q

With must be looked upon with ritonavir?i

A

Ncreased effect of dronabinol, eruthro, ketoconazole and rifampin

KERD

53
Q

Fusion inhibitor approved for HIV

A

Maraviroc

54
Q

Fustion inhibitor attaching to the gp41 preveting conformational change

A

Enfuviride

55
Q

Fusion inhibitor that needs tropism testinf

A

Maraviroc

56
Q

FI that is for NNRi and NRTI resistanr

A

Maraviroc

57
Q

Integrase inhibitor

A

Raltegravir

58
Q

Inhibits strand transfer which is the final step in provirus

A

Raltegravir

59
Q

Pyriminidone analog

A

Raltegravir

60
Q

Known as the triple drug regimen

A

HAARY

61
Q

Moa of HAART

A

Decrease viral mrna. Decrease opp infxns. Reverse decline in cd4

62
Q

A- azt
B- NRTI
C- PI and NNRTI

A

HAART

63
Q

Give anti hepatitis agnets

A

HEPA LA REIN

lamivudine 
Adefovir
Ribavirin
Entecavir
Interferon alpha 2b
64
Q

FIbthat is given SQ

A

Enfuvirtide

65
Q

AH used for both HBV and HBC

A

Interf

66
Q

Uncoating blocking agents

A

Amantadine and rimantadine

67
Q

Blocks m2 proton ion channel of the virus

A

Amantadine

68
Q

Amantadine and rimantadine are for influenza A only

A

True

69
Q

Shows no cross resistance in neuramindase inhibitors

A

Amantadine

70
Q

Rimantadine requores renal dose adjustment

A

True

71
Q

Analogs of sialic acid

A

Neuraminidase inhibitor, zanamavir, olsetamavir

72
Q

Has activibity for both influenza a and b

A

Zanamavir - inhalation

and oseltamavir - oral

73
Q

Drug for kamivudine resistant strain HBV

A

Adefovor

74
Q

For HBV with 100 BA

A

Entecavir

75
Q

For hCV not allowed in renal prob

A

Ribavirin

pharma 3.0 (7 decks)

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