Cell Ultrastructure (Biology 009) Flashcards
What is the role of the mitochondria
To breakdown glucose and to produce and release energy (ATP).
What is the cytoplasm
A granular, watery medium in the space of the cell that consists of smaller cellular structures in it. Also contains enzymes and materials like sugars, water, amino acids etc.
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
A network that have inter-connected membranes/sacs called cisternae
What is the difference between smooth ER and rough ER
Smooth ER does not have ribosomes, Rough ER does have ribosomes
What is the role of smooth ER
Storage for calcium, site for lipid synthesis, metabolism of carbohydrates, detoxification of drugs and poisons.
What is the role of rough ER
Has ribosomes that synthesize proteins in which leave the ER in transport vesicles to the Golgi body
What are the two faces of the Golgi body
Cis-face and trans-face
What is the role of the Golgi body
To modify and store proteins produced by proteins before they are distributed to different parts of the body that are in need for protein
What is the role of lysosomes
Are digestive organelles of the cell, attack foreign protein particles that enter the cell via processes of phagocytosis and autophagy
What is the pigment found in chloroplasts
Chlorophyll
What is the role of chloroplast
To absorb maximum sunlight for photosynthesis
What are the two roles of vacuoles
A storage unit for nutrients, oils and water,, remove waste from the cell
