Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > CELL TRANSPORT TEST > Flashcards

CELL TRANSPORT TEST Flashcards

Lord save me this is tommarow

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why are cells so tiny?

A

To maximize area:volume ratio.

(EXAMPLE: 6:1 VS 2:1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Phospholipid Bilayer

A

2 Layers of Phospholipids
Intracellular = Tails
Extracellular = Heads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phospholipids

A

Head = Polar (Hydrophilic)
Tail = Nonpolar (Hydrophobic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cholesterol

A

Regulates the fluidity of the cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

GlycoPROTEINS

A

Sticks onto the PROTEINS
- Cell-Cell Recognition
- Cell Adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

GlycoLIPIDS

A

Sticks onto the LIPIDS
Binds to carbohydrate receptors on cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Receptor Proteins

A

They help with communication between the cell and the extracellular environment by transmitting information into the cytoplasm. (Receptor = Receptionist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Enzymatic Proteins

A

Carries out chemical reactions.
Think if 8th grade science chemical reactions: transform molecules into new substances, break large molecules, or build larger molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Intercellular joining proteins

A

Membrane proteins that form intercellular junctions that attach adjacent cells. (Looks like two medicine pills attached to each other)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Attachment Proteins

A

Proteins that attach to the extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton to support the membrane and can coordinate external and internal changes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Channel & Carrier Proteins

A

Channel: Embedded in the cell membrane & have a pore for materials to cross
Carrier: Changes shape to move material from one side of the membrane to the other.(CARRIES TO THE OTHER SIDE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sodium Potassium Pump

A

Open on intracellular side then after sodium binds to pump, changes side to push sodium onto the extracellular site, to let potassium ions to bind, and cycle repeats.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why are proteins are crucial to membrane function and cell transport?

A

To serve as specific receptors, enzymes, and transport proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Phosphate head

A

Polar and Hydrophillic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fatty acid (LIPID) tail

A

Non-polar and Hydrophobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is the cell membrane selectively permeable?

A

To only let certain things in, and certain things out.

17
Q

Active Transport (REQUIRES ENERGY)

A

Exocytosis, Endocytosis, and Sodium-potassium pump (EES)

18
Q

Passive Transport (NO ENERGY NEEDED)

A

Osmosis, diffusion, and facilitated diffusion

19
Q

Simple Diffusion

A

Doesn’t require energy
High-Low concentration

20
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A

Doesn’t require energy
Uses TRANSPORT proteins to move high to low concentration

21
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water across a membrane.

Moves from HIGH water potential (low solute) to LOW water potential (high solute)

22
Q

Concentration Gradient

A

The gradual (GRADIENT = GRADUAL) difference in concentration of a dissolved substance in a solution from high to low water concentration.

23
Q

Water potential (high and low)

A

High H2O potential = Low solute concentration
Low H2O potential =
High solute concentration

24
Q

What are aquaporins?

A

Water Channels
Protein pores used during OSMOSIS

25
Q

Why the cell membrane is referred to as the fluid mosaic model?

A

Cell Membrane is made of many “tiles” like a mosaic, it’s also flexible = fluid

26
Q

What is homeostasis and how is cell transport related to this process?

A

Cell transport helps cells maintain homeostasis by keeping conditions within normal ranges inside all of an organism’s cells.

27
Q

What is Homeostasis?

A

The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium

28
Q

Isotonic

A

NO NET MOVEMENT OF H2O (equal amounts entering & leaving)

29
Q

Hypotonic/CYTOLYSIS

A

Cells swell and BURST
Hypo = Hippo = Big and water.

30
Q

Hypertonic/PLASMOLYSIS

A

Cells shrink and shrivel
Hyper = Too tired = dead and shriveled

31
Q

Exocytosis

A

Moving things out.
Exo=Exit=Large stuff moving OUT of the membrane

32
Q

Endocytosis

A

Cell Eating
Eats the cells into the membrane
Endo=Micheal afton FNAF reference = endo going INTO the human/membrane.

33
Q

Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

A

Receptors on integral proteins to recognize & take in hormones, cholesterol, etc. (LOOKS LIKE LITTLE PITCHFORKS)

Biology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions