Cell Parts Quiz Flashcards
Vacuoles (Plants and Animals)
Stores material within the cell such as water and waste. (Very large in plant cells)
Chloroplasts
A type of plastid found only in plants that contains chlorophyll
Ribosomes
Where protein synthesis takes place
Vesicles
Transports materials within the cell
Cytoplasm
The “Nutrient Soup” of the cell as it contains materials needed for many processes that take place inside the cell
Nucleus
Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions in a eukaryotic cell
Centrioles
These are necessary for cell division. They are responsible for moving chromosomes apart.
Lysosomes
Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles, and invading viruses or bacteria
Ribosomes
Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulm
May be without ribosomes (Smooth)
With ribosomes (rough)
Cell Walls
Firm, protective structure that gives the cell its shape in plants, fungi, most bacteria and some protists.
Mitochondria
Produces a usable form of energy for the cell using complex sugars
Golgi
Receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them for transport out of the cell.
Cytosol
Everything inside the cell including the nucleus
Nucleolus
Site where ribosomes are made
Cell Membrane
The membrane surrounding the cell. It controls what can enter and leave the cell.
Lipid Bilayer
Provides support for the cell, has two “subparts”
Chromosomes
Name for the collection of DNA inside cells
Cytoskeleton
Consist of hollow tubes with provide support, shape, and allow movement, among other things.
Cilia or Flagella
Small hair-like or whip like structures that some cells use for movement (if they move) or sensing things.
DNA
A self-replicating material in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.
It is the carrier of genetic information.
Genes
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA.
The hierarchical organization of living things
atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
(AMOCTOOSOPCEB)
Tissue
A group of cells that have similar structure, functions together, fills the spaces between the cells.
Organ Systems
A biological system consisting of a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.
Organelle
Any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Cell
The basic structures of all living organisms
Organ
A differentiated structure (such as a heart, kidney, leaf, or stem)
Taxonomy
The practice and science of categorization or classification. (Organizing)
Hierarchy of groups
(Ranking)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species
DKPCOFGS
What’s the differences between a domain and a kingdom?
A domain is a taxonomic category above the kingdom level. (Bacteria, Eukarya, Archea)
Kingdom = Animals, Fungi, Protists, Plants, Bacteria, Archaea
What’s the similarities and difference between archaea and bacteria?
Differences:
Bacteria - Lives EVERYWHERE, a prokaryotic cell.
Archaea - lives in harsh environments, a eukaryotic cell.
Similarites:
Unicellular
Autotroph AND Hetertroph
Autotroph
An organism that produces its own food
Heterotroph
An organism that CANNOT produce its own food
Viruses
An infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
(VERY SMALL)
What do ALL living things have in common?
Cellular organization, the ability to reproduce, growth & development, energy use, homeostasis, response to their environment, and the ability to adapt.
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
Similarities and Differences
Similarities:
Ribosomes
DIfferences:
Eukaryotic cells - Contains a cell membrane. All unicellular.
Prokaryotic cells - No cell membrane. Mainly Multicellular
Plants VS Animal Eukaryotic cells
Differences:
Animal cells - lysosomes, Plant cells - cell wall, chloroplasts, specialized plastids, a large central vacuole.
Similarities:
Cell membrane
Cell organelles
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum.
JUST KNOW HOW TO USE A MICROSCOPE.
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