Cell structures & Tissues(Test #3- Nov. 11)

Question 1

Finish the sentence:

At the beginning, all cells are..

Answer 1

Identical.

Question 2

What are identical cells called?

Answer 2

Stem cells

Question 3

Why are they called stem cells?

Answer 3

Because they are undifferentiated; they have no specific function

Question 4

What are the 3 main components(organelles) of cells?

Answer 4

1. Cell membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. Nucleus

Question 5

Explain the cell membrane and its function.

2 funtions

Answer 5

A cell membrane is a thin skin that separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment.

• It allows things to enter/leave the cell (semi-permeable)
• Protection/shape

Question 6

Explain the cytoplasm and its function.

Answer 6

It is a semi fluid material surrounding the organelles.

• Allows substances to move through the cell
• Keeps the shape

Question 7

Explain the nucleus and its function.

Answer 7

• It’s a circular organelle located in the middle of the cell.
• Control center
• Contains DNA

Question 8

When embryos develop, cells that are similar form a…

Answer 8

It forms a tissue.

Question 9

What’s a tissue?

Answer 9

A tissue is a set of identical or different cells that work together to perform a common function in an organism.

Question 10

Explain the type of tissue, Epithelial.

Answer 10

This tissue lines the outer surfaces of the body and the inner surfaces of organs.

Example: skin

Question 11

Explain the type of tissue, Connective tissue.

Answer 11

This tissue protects, supports and connects other tissues.

Examples: fat-protects, blood-connects, ligament-connects, cartilage-connects and bone-supports

Question 12

Explain the type of tissue, Muscle tissue.

Answer 12

This tissue is made up of elongated cells that has the ability to contract and regain its shape.

Examples:
Skeletal muscle- controlled
Smooth muscle- can work on their own

Question 13

Explain the type of tissue, Nerve tissue.

Answer 13

This tissue is made up of neurons.

Examples: spine, hand, etc

Question 14

Explain cell culture.

Answer 14

Cell culture is a process by which cells are reproduced outside the organism they come from.

Question 15

Explain the use of cell cultures.

4 examples.

Answer 15

1. To better understand how cells work(research).
2. They are used to test medications and beauty
   products(reducing the need for animal testing)
3. They are used to develop vaccines.
4. To create tissues like skin to treat severe burns.

Question 16

What do cells need to grow?

3 things

Answer 16

• Water
• Minerals
• Glucose
• etc

Question 17

Scientists must recreate the original conditions of the cell’s environment.

True or false.

Answer 17

True.

Question 18

What are some conditions that scientist must recreate in the cell’s environment?

Answer 18

• Temperature
• Humidity
• pH
• etc

Question 19

Finish the sentence:

The work of cell cultures must be done in a…

Answer 19

Sterile environment and adding antibiotics(to prevent any bacterial contamination)

Question 20

What’s an organ?

Answer 20

An organ is a structure composed of tissues grouped together to perform one or more specific functions .

Question 21

Give an example of an organ and explain why.

Answer 21

An example of an organ is the stomach.

It is an organ because it is made up of the 4 types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve. These tissues store and digest foods. The stomach is an organ because it is composed of different tissues that perform complementary functions.

Question 22

What’s a system?

Answer 22

A system is a group of tissues and organs working

together to accomplish a common purpose.

Question 23

Give an example of a system and explain why.

Answer 23

An example of a system is the digestive system.

It is a system because it is made up of cells, tissues and organs working together to perform a common function: digestion.

Question 24

What’s a tissue?

Answer 24

A tissue is a group of similar cells that have a common structure and function.

Question 25

What are the 4 types of tissues?

Answer 25

• Epithelial
• Nerve
• Muscle
• Connective

Question 26

What’s a cell?

Answer 26

A cell is the basic unit of life.