Cell structures & Tissues(Test #3- Nov. 11) Flashcards
Finish the sentence:
At the beginning, all cells are..
Identical.
What are identical cells called?
Stem cells
Why are they called stem cells?
Because they are undifferentiated; they have no specific function
What are the 3 main components(organelles) of cells?
- Cell membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
Explain the cell membrane and its function.
2 funtions
A cell membrane is a thin skin that separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment.
- It allows things to enter/leave the cell (semi-permeable)
- Protection/shape
Explain the cytoplasm and its function.
It is a semi fluid material surrounding the organelles.
- Allows substances to move through the cell
- Keeps the shape
Explain the nucleus and its function.
- It’s a circular organelle located in the middle of the cell.
- Control center
- Contains DNA
When embryos develop, cells that are similar form a…
It forms a tissue.
What’s a tissue?
A tissue is a set of identical or different cells that work together to perform a common function in an organism.
Explain the type of tissue, Epithelial.
This tissue lines the outer surfaces of the body and the inner surfaces of organs.
Example: skin
Explain the type of tissue, Connective tissue.
This tissue protects, supports and connects other tissues.
Examples: fat-protects, blood-connects, ligament-connects, cartilage-connects and bone-supports
Explain the type of tissue, Muscle tissue.
This tissue is made up of elongated cells that has the ability to contract and regain its shape.
Examples:
Skeletal muscle- controlled
Smooth muscle- can work on their own
Explain the type of tissue, Nerve tissue.
This tissue is made up of neurons.
Examples: spine, hand, etc
Explain cell culture.
Cell culture is a process by which cells are reproduced outside the organism they come from.
Explain the use of cell cultures.
4 examples.
- To better understand how cells work(research).
- They are used to test medications and beauty
products(reducing the need for animal testing) - They are used to develop vaccines.
- To create tissues like skin to treat severe burns.
What do cells need to grow?
3 things
- Water
- Minerals
- Glucose
- etc
Scientists must recreate the original conditions of the cell’s environment.
True or false.
True.
What are some conditions that scientist must recreate in the cell’s environment?
- Temperature
- Humidity
- pH
- etc
Finish the sentence:
The work of cell cultures must be done in a…
Sterile environment and adding antibiotics(to prevent any bacterial contamination)
What’s an organ?
An organ is a structure composed of tissues grouped together to perform one or more specific functions .
Give an example of an organ and explain why.
An example of an organ is the stomach.
It is an organ because it is made up of the 4 types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve. These tissues store and digest foods. The stomach is an organ because it is composed of different tissues that perform complementary functions.
What’s a system?
A system is a group of tissues and organs working
together to accomplish a common purpose.
Give an example of a system and explain why.
An example of a system is the digestive system.
It is a system because it is made up of cells, tissues and organs working together to perform a common function: digestion.
What’s a tissue?
A tissue is a group of similar cells that have a common structure and function.
What are the 4 types of tissues?
- Epithelial
- Nerve
- Muscle
- Connective
What’s a cell?
A cell is the basic unit of life.
