Cell Structure, Variety of Life, Levels of Organisation SLOP Flashcards
Define the term respiration
The release of energy (production of ATP) from food
Define the term growth
A permanent increase in size; an increase in total number of cells in an organism
Define the term homeostasis
The maintenance of a constant internal environment
Define the term reproduction
Producing off spring
Define the term sensitivity
An organisms response to changes in its surroundings
Define the term excretion
The removal of waste products of metabolism from an organism (e.g. carbon dioxide, water(sweat), urea)
Give three examples of organelles
Mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, vacuole, nucleus etc.
State the function of the cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions take place; jelly-like substance in which organelles are suspended
State the function of the cell membrane
Controls the movement of substances into/out of the cell
State the function of the mitochondria
Site of aerobic respiration (release of energy; production of ATP)
State the function of chloroplasts
Contain chlorophyll, a green pigment, which absorbs light for photosynthesis (making glucose)
State the function of the cell wall
Maintains the structure of a cell
State the function of ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis
State the function of the nucleus
Controls the cell; contains the instructions (DNA) needed to make new proteins
State the function of the vacuole
Contains cell sap and maintains/supports the shape of the cell