cell structure and transport

Question 1

advantages of light microscopes

Answer 1

less expensive and mobile

Question 2

disadvantages of a light microscope

Answer 2

low resolution and 2d

Question 3

what is resolution

Answer 3

the ability to distinguish separate points

Question 4

what is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 4

eukaryotic cells have there genetic information enclosed in there membrane

Question 5

what is prokaryotic cell

Answer 5

cells that have lost their genetic information in the cytoplasm- it is not enclosed in a nucleus

Question 6

examples of eukaryotes

Answer 6

1. animal cells
2. plant cells
3. fungi

Question 7

what is a plasmid?

Answer 7

a small ring of a plasmid

Question 8

what is the use of myelin sheath?

Answer 8

insulation

Question 9

what is the use of synapses?

Answer 9

they pass signals to the other nerves using chemicals called nureotransmitter

Question 10

what is the use of the axon?

Answer 10

axons carries the nerve impulse from one place to another

Question 11

what is the use of dendrites?

Answer 11

they help make connections to other cells

Question 12

why does sperm have a long tale?

Answer 12

it allows the sperm cell to swim and move side to side

Question 13

what does the acrosome store

Answer 13

stores digestive enzymes

Question 14

what is the nucleus

Answer 14

they contain genetic information

Question 15

name 3 adaptations of a root hair cell

Answer 15

1. many mitochondria release energy from aerobic respiration for active transport
2. vacuole (made up of cell sap)speeds up the osmosis of water into the cells
3. greatly increased surface area: volume ratio for water to move into cells

Question 16

what does the xylem transport

Answer 16

water molecules and minerals ions

Question 17

what does phloem transport

Answer 17

dissolved sugarss

Question 18

what is diffusion

Answer 18

the passive net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration

Question 19

what is a state of equilibrium

Answer 19

this is when the number of particles on each side is the same

Question 20

what is net movement?

Answer 20

the overall movement of particles moving in and out

Question 21

what is osmosis

Answer 21

the passive net movement of particles of water particles across a partially permeable down a concentration

Question 22

what is isotonic

Answer 22

isotonic is when the concentration is the same inside and outside the cell

Question 23

what is hypertonic

Answer 23

when the concentration of cell is higher inside the cell than outside

Question 24

what is hypotonic

Answer 24

hypotonic is when the concentration is higher outside the cell than inside

Question 25

what is active transport?

Answer 25

active transport is the movement of particles against the concentration gradient requiring energy released by respiration from mitochondria

Question 26

what is cystic fibrosis?

Answer 26

this is when there is a build-up of mucus in your lungs , your gut, and reproductive system caused by active transport not working in your mucus cells

Question 27

what happens to the organism as it gets bigger

Answer 27

its sa;v gets bigger

Question 28

What does it mean for an organism to be ‘multicellular?

Answer 28

A ‘multicellular’ organisms consists of multiple cells.

Question 29

What does differentiation mean?

Answer 29

Differentiation is the process by which cells become specialised. It can involve the cell changing shape, changing size, and changing the combination of organelles it contains.

Question 30

Osmosis refers to the movement of which molecules?

Answer 30

Water

Question 31

What is an exchange surface?

Answer 31

A part of an organism over which substances are exchanged with the environment.

Question 32

Rearrange the magnification equation to make image size the subject.

Answer 32

image size = object size × magnification