Cell Structure and Functions Flashcards
Cell theory
-all organisms are made of 1 or more cells
-cells are always the basic component to things
-cells are made by other cells dividing
Cell membrane function
Homeostasis, shape, protection, selectively permeable
Cell membrane is made of
Phospholipid bilayer imbedded with proteins
Fluid mosaic model
Nucleoplasm function
A suspension substance found in the cell
Mitochandria function
Produces cellular energy ATP
Mitochondria made of
Outer membrane, inner membrane + cristae, matrix, DNA
Lysosome function and made of
Break down of excess starch
Lipids and proteins- membrane, transport protein, enzyme
Cytoplasm function and where found
Keep organelles in suspension
Between nucleus and cell membrane
Microtubules function
Determines the shape of a cell mitosis
Ribosome function, made of, where found
Site of protein synthesis
Made of RNA
Attach to rough ER
Nucleolus function and where found
Holds DNA in nucleus
Inside the nucleus
Difference between nucleolus and nucleus
Nucleolus isn’t bound by a membrane like the nucleus
Golgi Apparatus function
Prepares and transports a protein
Smooth ER
Creates steroids and metabolism (lipids)
What happens to peptide chain after translation
Peptide chain goes to rough ER to finish directions for proteins
Nuclear membrane function
Protects nucleus from cytoplasm
Vacuoles function
Sites for food storage, liquid, and waste
Centrioles function
Found in an animal cell, cell division
Chloroplast function
Contains chlorophyll
Chlorophyll function
Sites of photosynthesis
Prokaryotes difference from Eukaryotes
No membrane bound organelles, no nucleus, bacteria and blue/green algae
Plant cells difference from animal cells
Large central vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast
Why viruses aren’t pro or eu
Cellular packages of nucleic acid surrounded by protein coat
Robert Hooke
First to observe and name cells
Observed through dead cork
Anton Van Leevwanhoek
First to observe living cells
Plaque
Schleiden
Plants and plant parts are made of cells
Schwann
Animals and animal parts are made of cells
Virchow
Existing cell gave way to new cells
Cancer when it stops growing
Benign
Cancer when it continues growing
Malignant
