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Biology Honors > Rna And Dna > Flashcards

Rna And Dna Flashcards

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1
Q

DNA does what 4 things

A

Stores hereditary info, thymine, double helix, deoxyribose sugar

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2
Q

RNA has what 4 things

A

Transports hereditary info, uracil, single helix, ribose sugar

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3
Q

RNA and DNA have what in common

A

Guanine, cytosine, adenine

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4
Q

mRNA

A

Carries copies of instructions for assembly of amino acids into proteins

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5
Q

tRNA

A

Transfers each amino acid to ribosome in mRNA

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6
Q

rRNA

A

Makes up part of the ribosome

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7
Q

Genes

A

Segments of DNA

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8
Q

Codon

A

3 bases of DNA

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9
Q

Enzymes

A

Control all chemical reactions

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10
Q

Purines amount of rings and types

A

Adenine, guanine

Double rings

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11
Q

Pyrimidines amount of rings and types

A

Thymine, cytosine

Single ring

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12
Q

Who found DNA

A

James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin

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13
Q

Nitrogen bases are held by what

A

Weak hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

What is the order outside to inside of the nucleus

A

Nucleus, genes, DNA, chromosomes

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15
Q

DNA replication steps

A

Helicase unzips, primase primes, polymerase connects bases and repairs hydrogen bonds

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16
Q

Backbone of DNA

A

Phosphate and deoxyribose sugar

17
Q

Transcription

A

DNA-> mRNA

18
Q

Translation

A

mRNA -> protein

19
Q

Steps of translation

A

mRNA comes out of nuclear pore, attaches to ribosome, tRNA comes and attaches anticodons to mRNA and starts polypeptide chain

20
Q

How many amino acids are needed for a protein

A

20

21
Q

All enzymes

A

Helicase, polymerase, liase, topumerase, primase

22
Q

Helicase

A

Unzips

23
Q

Liase

A

Glue

24
Q

Polymerase

A

Reads DNA and builds onto it

25
Q

Topumerase

A

Prevents DNA from recoiling onto itself

26
Q

Primase

A

Initializer

27
Q

Mutations def

A

Change in DNA sequence

28
Q

Point Mutation types

A

Substitution, silent, nonsense

29
Q

Substitution mutation

A

One base substituted

30
Q

Silent mutation

A

Base change but amino acid doesn’t change

31
Q

Nonsense mutation

A

Random change to a stop

32
Q

Frameshift mutation types

A

Addition, deletion

Biology Honors (11 decks)

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