Cell respiration Flashcards
cellular respiration is in a sense the reverse of what?
photosynthesis in terms of input and output. but they do not consist of the same steps in reverse
what is cellular respiration?
the oxidation of glucose and the capture of energy in a form that is useful to the cell
what is the net reaction of aerobic cell resp.?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6 CO2+ 6H2O + Energy (ATP)
Where does glycolosis take place?
in cytosol
What does glycolysis begin?
starts the oxidation of glucose; it nets the cell 2 ATP and 2 NADH
Oxidation of pyruvate to form Acetyl-CoA:
Pyruvate arising from glycolysis is transported to the mitochondrial matrix and what is done to it?
it is decarboxylated (CO2 removed)
Oxidation of pyruvate to form Acetyl-CoA:
what happens to the resulting two carbon acetyl fragment?
it is attached to coenzyme A, a molecule that carries acetyl groups from one set of reactions to another
Cirtic acid cycle produces what?
ATP
3 NADH
FADH2
2 CO2 (waste)
Every turn of the cycle releases what?
1 acetyl group equivalent as 2 CO2
Electron transport and ATP synthesis:
Reduction of what happens here?
reduction of NADH and FADH2 pass their electrons to the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane
Electron transport and ATP synthesis:
What happens to the electrons as they move from carrier to carrier?
they lose energy
Electron transport and ATP synthesis:
What is the energy that is lost from the electrons used for?
some of that energy is used to pump H+ ions, against their electrochemical gradient, into the intermembrane space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane
Electron transport and ATP synthesis:
what is the energy stored in the form of?
an H+ gradient and is used by ATP synthase to make ATP
Electron transport and ATP synthesis:
what is the terminal electron acceptor?
O2
How can ATP synthesis be stopped? (3)
suffocation
poisons that can block the electron transport
uncouplers allow electron transport to continue but dissipate the H+ gradient
