Cell Physiology Flashcards
Solvent
The substance largest present in the solution.
Solutes
Smaller amount of substance present in the solution.
Passive transport
Transported across the membrane without any energy input.
Active transport
Cell provides metabolic energy (ATP).
Diffusion
Is a passive transport process.
Molecules and ions scatter themselves throughout the available space.
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Facilitated diffusion
Allows certain substances that are lipid insoluble and too large too pass through the membrane pores, to enter a cell. A protein carrier us needed as a transport vehicle.
Filtration
Is a passive transport process.
Water and Solutes forced through a membrane by hydrostatic pressure.
Active transport processes
A cell use some of its ATP supply to move substances across the membrane.
Solute pumping
Active transport
Uses ATP to energize protein carriers that combine with substances and are transported across the cell membrane.
What are the 2 types of bulk transport?
Exocytosis - move substances out of the cell.
Endocytosis - move substances into the cell.
Solution
Mixture of 2 or more components. Ex: salt and water.
Amino acids
Important organic compounds, second largest component of human cells, muscles and other tissues.
What are the key elements of amino acids?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.
