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Science > Cell Organelles, Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, etc. > Flashcards

Cell Organelles, Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, etc. Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls cell activity

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2
Q

Cytoplasm/Cytosol

A

Jelly like material inside. Most organelles floats within it. Holds organelles in place.

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3
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Allows materials to enter and exit the cell.

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4
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides tensile strength and protection against mechanical and osmotic stress.

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5
Q

Chloroplast

A

Converts light energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the photosynthetic process. Found only in plant cells. Endosymbiotic idea

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6
Q

Large Central Vacuole

A

Stores water and manages turgor pressure in a plant cell. Helps sequester waste products

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7
Q

Ribosomes

A

Creates protein in the cell.

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8
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Powerhouse of the cell. Embosymbiotic idea

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9
Q

Golgi Apparatus/Bodies

A

Where the proteins received from ER are further processed (checked, modified, packaged)

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10
Q

Lysosome

A

Breaks down food and waste. Found in both plant and animal cells.

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11
Q

Nucleolus

A

Makes ribosomes. Found in both plant and animal cells.

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12
Q

Centrioles

A

Helps cell divide

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13
Q

Rough ER

A

Stores ribosomes, and quality control of proteins.

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14
Q

Smooth ER

A

Makes lipids, breaks down toxins.

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15
Q

Vesicles

A

membrane bound container used to carry substances throughout the cell

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16
Q

peroxisome

A

Protects cells from toxins

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17
Q

Cilium

A

for movement and gathering food

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18
Q

Flagella

A

tail used for movement

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19
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Supports and shapes cell

20
Q

What two organelles have the endosymbiotic hypothesis?

A

Chloroplast and mitochondrian.

21
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

The more complex cell of the two.

22
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

The simpler cell of the two.

23
Q

In what type of cell is the nucleus present?

A

Eukaryotic

24
Q

Which of the two domains have membrane bound organelles?

A

Eukaryotic

25
Q

____ have linear DNA, and ___ have circular DNA

A

Eukaryotic, Prokaryotic

26
Q

WHat similarities do Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells have?

A

Both have cytoplasm, cell membranes, ribosomes, and DNA

27
Q

What is the name of the process in which mitochondrian make ATP?

A

Cellular respiration.

28
Q

Which is more accurate, a micrograph, or a graphic?

A

Micrographic

29
Q

What is a cristae?

A

Multiple folds of the mitochondrial membrane to increase the surface area around which ATP is former

30
Q

What are the 4 multicellular kingdoms?

A

Plantae, animalia, fungi and protista.

31
Q

What are the 3 unicellular kingdoms?

A

Protista, Archae, and eubacteria.

32
Q

What does organelle mean?

A

Little organ

33
Q

What are the three organelles that are found only in plant cells?

A

Chloroplasts, large central vacuole, cell wall

34
Q

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP is the chemical equation for what?

A

Cellular respiration

35
Q

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP

36
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis

A

Sunlight+ 6CO2+ 6H2O —-> C6H12O6+ 6O2

37
Q

What is another term for DNA?

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

38
Q

What is the difference between lysosomes and ribosomes structural wise?

A

Lysosomes are bigger than ribosomes

39
Q

What is the smallest kingdom?

A

Bacteria, then protist

40
Q

What are some structural characteristics of chloroplast?

A

Has chlorophyll

41
Q

What are some structural characteristics of mitochondria?

A

Has cristae

42
Q

What are some structural characteristics of animal cells?

A

Have microfilaments for structure

43
Q

What are some structural characteristics of plant cells?

A

Have cell wall for structure

44
Q

What are some structural characteristics of cytoplasm?

A

Its not watery, it has a consistency of jello (almost)

45
Q

when the large central vacuole is full it…

A

gives structural integrity to the cell

Science (14 decks)

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