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Science > Cell membrane, permeability, transport > Flashcards

Cell membrane, permeability, transport Flashcards

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1
Q

Does passive transport require energy?

A

No

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2
Q

Does active transport require energy?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What are the steps for passive transport?

A

Diffusion, osmosis, then facilitated diffusion.

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4
Q

What are the steps for active transport?

A

Endocytosis, exocytosis, sodium-potassium pump.

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5
Q

What does permeable mean?

A

The degree to which a cell membrane allows substances to pass through.

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6
Q

What is a semi-permeable membrane?

A

A membrane that allows only specific substances to pass through.

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7
Q

What is an impermeable membrane?

A

A membrane that doesnt allow anything to pass through.

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8
Q

What is the name of the current model we use to represent the cell membrane’s structure?

A

The fluid mosaic model

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9
Q

What is endocytosis?

A

A process in which molecules are entering the cell.

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10
Q

What is exocytosis?

A

A process in which molecules are exiting the cell.

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11
Q

Who discovered cells?

A

Robert E Hooke

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12
Q

What is tonicity?

A

It describes how an extracellular solution can change the volume of a cell by affecting osmosis.

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13
Q

What is osmolarity?

A

It describes the total solute dissolved in a solution (expressed as osmoles of solute per liter of water)

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14
Q

What does low osmolarity indicate?

A

It has a greater number of water molecules relative to the number of solute particles.

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15
Q

What does high osmolarity indicate?

A

It has fewer water molecules with respect to solute particles .

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16
Q

Define hypotonic

A

Extracellular fluid has lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, and water enters the cell (cell will burst)

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17
Q

Define hypertonic

A

Extracellular fluid has a higher osmolarity than the cells fluid. (cell will shrink due to lack of water)

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18
Q

Define Isotonic

A

Extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell (no net movement of water in and out) (cell retains shape)

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19
Q

What are the two types of Transport Proteins?

A

Channel and carrier

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20
Q

What is Pinocytosis?

A

The most common form of endocytosis. Pinocytosis takes dissolved molecules into a vesicle.

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21
Q

What is receptor mediated endocytosis?

A

A form of endocytosis where some integral proteins take molecules in receptors.

22
Q

What is simple diffusion?

A

Molecules move from areas of high to low concentration. it doesnt require the assistance of membrane proteins.

23
Q

Is simple diffusion passive or active transport?

A

passive

24
Q

A cell membrane is made up of many parts with heads and tails. The heads are made up of what?

A

Phosphates

25
Q

The tails of a cell membrane are made up of what?

A

Lipids

26
Q

Is the cell membrane…

A- bilayered
B- trilayered
C- monolayered
D- no layered

A

A- bilayered

27
Q

Extracellular refers to….

A- inside the cell
B- outside the cell
C- inside of the membrane
D- inside of the nucleus

A

B- outside the cell

28
Q

Intracellular refers to….

A- inside the cell
B- outside the cell
C- inside of the membrane
D- inside of the nucleus

A

A- inside the cell

29
Q

What will happen if a beaker contains 85% water and an egg 95% water?

A

5% water will move out of the egg

30
Q

What is the cell trying to accomplish?

A

Equilibrium.

31
Q

A beaker has 5% salt on one side of a SPM (semi permeable membrane) and 15% salt on the other side. How much water?

A

95% and 85%

32
Q

If the beaker has 5% salt on 1 side and 15% salt on the other, which way will water move?

A

Toward the side with 15% salt because it has less water

33
Q

What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion?

A

Diffusion is not limited to just water, while osmosis is.

34
Q

Once a system reaches equilibrium, what will happen to the movement of molecules

A

They will continue to move but will maintain equilibrium

35
Q

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.. active or passive?

A

Passive

36
Q

Is diffusion passive or active?

A

passive

37
Q

Is facilitated diffusion passive or active?

A

Passive

38
Q

What is the difference between facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion?

A

In simple diffusion, the molecules can pass only in the direction of the concentration gradient. In facilitated diffusion, the molecules can pass both in the direction and opposite of the concentration gradient.

39
Q

Is osmosis passive or active?

A

Passive

40
Q

Is exocytosis passive or active?

A

Active

41
Q

Is endocytosis passive or active?

A

active

42
Q

Movement up or down the concentration gradient….. passive or active?

A

Passive

43
Q

Is movement against the concentration gradient passive or active?

A

ACtive

44
Q

What does active transport use to move materials in/out of the cell?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

45
Q

True or false…. The smaller the cell, the greater the surface area to volume RATIO!

A

TRUE

46
Q

What is the formula for surface area of a sphere?

A

4πr²

47
Q

What is the formula for volume of a sphere?

A

4/3πr

48
Q

Which has a larger SA/V ratio?
a- 1cm radius sphere
b- 3cm radius sphere
c- 10cm radius sphere

A

a- 1cm radius sphere

49
Q

will .05/1 SA/V ratio support the cell?

A

no

50
Q

will you pass this quiz

A

hopefully/yes/no/maybe

Science (14 decks)

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