Cell Organelles and Diseases Flashcards
Lysosomes
Sack filled with digestive chemicals. It breaks stuff down.
Centrioles
Organizes motion of chromosomes. These organelles help with cell division.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Passageways where chemicals are made. Makes and transports lipids and steroids. One is covered with ribosomes and makes and transports proteins.
Vacuole
Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.
Nucleus
The structure that contains DNA and regulates genes.
Ribosomes
A small structure that synthesizes proteins.
Golgi apparatus
A membrane that packages/modifies the lipids and proteins.
Vesicle
Package created by the Golgi apparatus. Moves products in, out of, and within a cell.
Nucleolus
The structure that manufactures ribosomes.
Plastid
Group of plant organelles that store stuff.
Chloroplasts
Responsible for converting sunlight to chemical energy.
What are eukaryotes?
Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.
What are prokaryotes?
Prokaryotes have no nucleus.
Nuclear membrane
Surrounds and protects the nucleus.
Cytoskeleton
Filaments that give the cell its shape.
Mitochondria
Provides energy for the cell.
Flagella
A whip-like tail that aids in movement.
Cytoplasm
The fluid that fills the inside of a cell.
Nucliod
A non-membrane-bound region in a prokaryote where DNA is concentrated.
What is sickled cell disease?
A non-infectious disease that is genetic and is a result of an inherited mutation in a gene.
What does sickled cell disease look like?
Is banana-shaped, causes clumping.
What is malaria?
Malaria is an infectious disease, caused by a protist parasite known as plasmodium. You can become infected by a mosquito.
What does malaria look like?
A huge collection of purple circles.
What is polycythemia vera?
It’s caused by a genetic mutation that causes your bone marrow to create too many red blood cells.
