Cell Organelles And Cellular Terms

Question 1

Centrioles

Answer 1

Structures that function in cell reproduction

Question 2

Cilia

Answer 2

Hairlike extensions on the surface of cells, which are capable of movement

Question 3

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

Membrane network of “roads” and “channels” that wind through cytoplasm

Question 4

Flagella

Answer 4

A sperm cells “tail”

Question 5

Golgi bodies

Answer 5

Sacs that make and transport carbohydrate compounds

Question 6

Lysosomes

Answer 6

The cells “digestive system”. Takes in and breaks down materials for other organelles to use.

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

“power plants” that burn food in the presence of oxygen to make cell energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate.

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

“protein factories” that make proteins

Question 9

Anabolism

Answer 9

The building metabolic phase; grows, maintains, and repairs body structures

Question 10

Biology

Answer 10

The study of life and life processes

Question 11

Catabolism

Answer 11

The breaking down metabolic phase; producing energy from food and oxygen

Question 12

Chromosomes

Answer 12

Short, tightly coiled rods that contain genes

Question 13

CYT/O-

Answer 13

Prefix meaning related to the cell

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

Substance between plasma membrane and nucleus of all cells

Question 15

DNA

Answer 15

deoxyribonucleic acid, the chemical genes are made of

Question 16

Genes

Answer 16

Regions of DNA organized into the bodies “blueprint”

Question 17

KARY/O-

Answer 17

Prefix meaning related to the nucleus

Question 18

Karyoplasm

Answer 18

Substance of nucleus

Question 19

Karyotype

Answer 19

Picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell

Question 20

Metabolism

Answer 20

The chemical process by which cells obtain and use energy

Question 21

Nucleus

Answer 21

Spheroid body within a cell that dictates protein production; controls transport, metabolism, growth, heredity

Question 22

Organelles

Answer 22

Structures within cytoplasm

Question 23

-PLASM

Answer 23

Suffix meaning formative, formed material

Question 24

Plasma membrane (Cell membrane)

Answer 24

The outside boundary of a cell. Keeps the contents of the cell together, and determines what is allowed in and out of the structure.

Question 25

RNA

Answer 25

Ribonucleic acid, needed for production of protein within cells.

Question 26

Tissue fluid

Answer 26

Salt water solution that bathes every cell in the body

Question 27

Endocytosis

Answer 27

movement into the cell

Question 28

Exocytosis

Answer 28

movement out of the cell

Question 29

Prophase

Answer 29

The first phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to condense and the nuclear membrane dissolves

Question 30

Metaphase

Answer 30

The second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up in a row in the middle of the cell

Question 31

Anaphase

Answer 31

The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes are pulled apart

Question 32

Telophase

Answer 32

The fourth and final phase of mitosis, where the cell pinches apart and forms two identical versions of itself

Question 33

Mitosis

Answer 33

The process of a cell splitting in half to form a second identical cell