Cell Metabolism Flashcards
Cell Metabolism Main Classification:
Autotrophs, Heterotrophs, Phototrophs, Chemotrophs
Based on Carbon Source
Autotrophs: CO2 is used
Heterotrophs Require more complex, reduced carbon compounds (glucose)
Based on Energy Source
Phototrophs: Light Energy is used
Chemotrophs Use energy from Redox rxn
Chemotroph Subclasses
Organotrophs and Litrhotrophs
Organotrophs: Ozidize organic compounds
Lithotrophs: Oxidize inorganic compounds
Heteroph Subclasses
Aerobes, Anaerobes, and Facultative Anaerobes
Aerobes: Strict aerobes can only grow in the presence of O2.
Anaerobes: Strict Anaerobes will only grown in the absence of O2
Facultatives: Can grow in presence or absence of O2. Metabolism is more efficient in presence of O2
Role of ATP, NADH, NADPH in cell metabolism
ATP Is the universal energy carrier.
NADH and NADPH are the universal hydrogen and electron carriers.
Requirement and roles of Biosynthetic and Catabolic Pathway
Biosynthethic = Anabolic
Catabolic: Takes energy from fuel to produce NADH and NADPH
Biosynthetic: Requires energy and reducing power
Role of Oxidative Phosphorylation and Electron transport chain
Interallation between them as well.
Oxidative Phosphorylation: Production of ATP from ADP using energy derived from redox reaction of an Electron Trasport Chain
Electron Trasport Chain is the trasport of electrons across the membrane
The 4 steps involved in obtaining energy from fuel molecules and the major aspect of each step.
- Energy is generated from proteins, fatty acids, and polyssacharides
- Products are further degraded to form Acetyl CoA
- Acetyl CoA is broken down in the TCA cycle to generate NAD+, FADH, and ATP
- NAD+ and FADH are converted into ATP
Basic role of the glycolytic pathway and the TCA cycle in cell metabolism.
Know the changes for anaerobic and DNP scenarios
If Anaerobic, can’t complete the glycolytic cycle and don’t substract ATPs. Pyruvate goes into ethanol and lactate
If DNP is present, the cycles are completed but can’t convert NADH and FADH –> ATP
