CELL MEMBRANE Flashcards
What are the 3 parts of a phospholipid and identify what each part are made of.
Head - phosphate
Skeleton - glycerol
Tail - fatty acids
Which part of a phospolipid is lipophilic and hydrophobic?
Tail
3 factors that affect a molecule’s permeability.
Size
Charge
Polarity
What inhibits molecules from passing through a cell membrane?
Polar and large molecules will have a hard time penetrating the cell membrane.
NP and small molecules will experience no issue in passing through a cell membrane.
Highly polarized molecules will have no chance of passing through a cell membrane. Ex. Na, K, and Cl
Function of cholesterol in the cell membrane.
Makes the cholesterol fluid and durable no matter the temperature.
Primary cause of a cell membrane’s leakage and weakness
High temperature.
Why are RBC’s packed with numerous cholesterol molecules?
To prevent from wear and tear.
A type of protein located on the cell membrane that spans the phospolipid bilayer
Integral Proteins.
A type of protein located on the inner or outer layer of the cell membrane.
Peripheral protein
A type of protein located in between the phospolipid bound layer.
Lipid bound protein.
What is the polarity of lipophilic molecules?
Non Polar.
What is the polarity of lipophobic molecules?
Polar molecules.
3 types of transport proteins.
Transport proteins are integral proteins.
Channel - carries water and ions
Carriers - specific transporter
Enzymes - uses energy from ATP to actively pump ions in and out of the cells base from their concentration gradient. (Also known as ATPases)
Type of receptor located on the outer side of the cell membrane that receives input from the outside to the inside of the cell from another cell.
(Ex. Insulin from the pancreas)
Cell surface receptors.
A type of enzyme located on the cell surface receptor that adds phosphate groups to other molecules.
Kinases
Where do kinases get their phosphate?
ATP
Type of carbohydrates located on the protein and lipid layers of cell membranes that facilitates cell recognition?
Glycoproteins - glycogen attached to the proteins (integral, lipid protein,surface protein)
Glycolipids - glycogen attached to the lipid layer
Type of proteins on the cell membrane of cell that aids immune cells from detecting invading pathogens.
Glycoproteins and Glycolipids
What anchors cells to neighboring cells?
Adhesion proteins or Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)
