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Gen Biology > Cell Membrane > Flashcards

Cell Membrane Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

also called the plasma membrane

A

cell membrane

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2
Q

[functions of plasma membrane]

Channels, pumps

A

Transport of molecules

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3
Q

[functions of plasma membrane]

Engulfing particles

A

Phagocytosis, pinocytosis

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4
Q

[functions of plasma membrane]

Due to presence of carbohydrates

A

Cell to cell communication

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5
Q

[functions of plasma membrane]

Cell membrane-bound receptors, enzymes and proteins

A

cell signaling

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6
Q

protects the cellular organelles

A

Plasma memberane

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7
Q

[functions of plasma membrane]

Segregates one part of the cell from other

A

Compartmentalization

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8
Q

Membrane modification for specialized functions

A

Myelin sheath of neurons, microvilli in the intestine

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9
Q

“Small, nonpolar molecules get in
ions and polar molecules don’t get in.”

A

Selective Permeability

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10
Q

It separates interior of cell from the outside environment

A

Cell membrane

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11
Q

Selectively permeable
Regulates entry
Responds to stimuli

A

Cell membrane

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12
Q

year when it was discovered

A

1890

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13
Q

year when the components were described

A

1915

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14
Q

year when nicolson ans singer proposed what cell membrane looks like
(Fluid Mosaic Model)

A

1972

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15
Q

What model?

Flexible not like the rigid cell walls
Can change shape
Similar with a mosaic art, it is also made up of different molecules namely phospholipids, proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol that made up one functional structure, the cell membrane

A

Fluid mosaic model

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16
Q

the major components

A

Phospholipid
proteins
cholesterol
carbohydrates

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17
Q

acts as a barrier to protect the cell against various environmental insults and more importantly, enables multiple cellular processes to occur in subcellular compartments

A

Phospholipids

18
Q

Consists of glycerol, 2 fatty acid, phosphate-liked head group

A

Phospholipids

19
Q

lipid-bilayer sphere

A

liposome

20
Q

lipid-monolayer sphere

A

Micelle

21
Q

which part in phospholipid forms with H+ bond w/ water and other polar molecules

A

Hydrophilic

22
Q

helps cells to communicate, maintain their shape, carry out changes triggered by chemical messengers, and transport and share material

A

Protein

23
Q

Protein base in location

A

Integral & peripheral

24
Q

50% of the plasma membrane

A

proteins

25
Q

[PROTEIN]

ALSO KNOWN AS INTRINSIC PROTEIN

Extends across lipid bilayer
Across cell membrane
Moves w/ help of detergent

A

Integral

26
Q

Surface only
easily removed
composed of hydrophilic regions
Anchored on the exterior or interior only, does not extend across

A

Peripheral

27
Q

Integral has

A

hydrophobic

28
Q

Peripheral has

A

hydrophilic

29
Q

penetrate the hydrophobic inside of lipid bilayer

A

Integral Proteins

30
Q

most are transmembrane proteins

A

Integral Proteins

31
Q

appendages loosely bound to either surface

A

Peripheral proteins

32
Q

Protein base in function

A

Ion Channel
Carrier Proteins (transporters)
Enzymes
Receptor proteins
Recognition Sites

33
Q

Pore that is so small that permits only few and specific ions (Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+)

are a very narrow tube-shaped protein that help establish a tiny pore in the cell membrane

A

Ion Channel

34
Q

Permits entry and exit or large molecules (Glucose, Amino acid)

Will undergo changes

A

Carrier Proteins (transporters)

35
Q

It speeds up the chemical reaction

A

Enzymes

36
Q

Attachment of specific hormones
Use for communication
Binding sites

A

Receptor proteins

37
Q

Protein with carbohydrates
For Identification
Important in immune system

A

Recognition sites (Glycoprotein)

38
Q

always on the outside surface and are different from receptor sites. These allows white blood cells to recognize your cells vs foreign cells.

A

Recognition sites (Glycoprotein)

39
Q

reduces membrane fluidity at moderate temps by reducing phospholipid movement

at low temps it hinders solidification by disrupting the regular packing of phospholipids

A

Cholesterol

40
Q

It maintains the fluidity of cell membrane

Enables the cell to be flexible in changes of temp

Located in between phospholipids

A

Cholesterol

41
Q

They are always found on the exterior surface of cells and are bound either to proteins (forming glycoproteins) or to lipids (forming glycolipids)

A

Carbohydrates

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