Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gen Biology > Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Cell Cycle Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Sequence of phases in the life cycle of the cell

A

CELL CYCLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Longest event in the cycle
(G1, S, and G2 phases)

A

Interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cell GROWS and makes a new copy of DNA

A

Interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

packs enough nutrients for the new daughter cells

A

Interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

(Eukaryotic cell spends most of its life in the stage called)
The cell grows larger
Duplicates the organelles
Makes the molecular building blocks needed
for the succeeding steps
Creates nucleiotides
Intense metabolic activities

A

First Gap (G1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

DNA replication and duplication of centrosomes occur

A

Synthesis Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cell grows continuously
Fills up the loss of energy during the S phase
Making more proteins
Continuously duplicating the organelles
Completing the preparations for the mitotic phase.

A

Second Gap (G2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Duplication division
Distribution of chromosomes into 2 daughter nuclei

A

M Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Division of the cytoplasm producing 2 identically daughter cells

A

Cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nuclear division in eukaryotes occurs by

A

Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When cells are not dividing, their DNA exists as

A

Chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

They are reproductive cells

A

Gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When homologous chromosomes/sister chromatids don’t separate during meiosis

A

Nondisjunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Resting place/Non-diving state

A

G0 Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why do cells enter G0 phase?

A

Unfavorable environmental conditions (not enough nutrients & energy)

Waiting for signals to enter G1

Permanent state for some cells like nerve & cardiac muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How long does a whole cell cycle take?

A

24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How long G1 Phase take?

A

5 to 6 hours

18
Q

How long S Phase take?

A

10 to 12 hours

19
Q

How long G2 Phase take?

A

4 to 6 hours

20
Q

How long does mitosis phase take?

A

greater than 1 hour

21
Q

Control System

A

Cyclin
CDK Complexes
p53

22
Q

Two types of regulatory proteins are involved in cell cycle control

A

cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases(Cdks)

23
Q

is a cyclin-Cdk complex that triggers a cell’s passage past the G2 checkpoint into the M phase

A

MPF (maturation-promoting factor)

24
Q

Undergo a constant cycle of synthesis

A

Cyclin

25
Q

An activating protein that binds to a
kinase to form CDK complex

A

Cyclin

26
Q

degradation during cell division.

A

Cycline

27
Q

Activates or deactivates another protein by phosphorylating them

A

CDK complexes

28
Q

It gives the ‘ stop’ and ‘ go’ signal at the Gap 1 and Gap 2 checkpoints.

A

CDK Complexes

29
Q

What does CDK stands for?

A

Cyclin-dependent kinases

30
Q

Responsible for suppressing tumors, repairs the damaged DNA, and trigger apoptosis if the damaged is beyond repair

A

p53

31
Q

MPF meaning

A

Maturation-promoting factor

32
Q

APC/C

A

Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome

33
Q

PROCESS OF CONTROL SYSTEM

A

CDK - binds with CYCLIN - MPF Complexes - Initiates MITOSIS - activates APC/C - M CYCLIN is degraded - CDK

34
Q

Checkpoints

A

G1
G2
M Phase

35
Q

Among the 3 checkpoints, which seems to be the most important?

A

G1 Checkpoint

REASON:
If a cell receives a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, it will usually complete the S, G2, and M phases and divide.If the cell does not receive the go-ahead signal, it will exit the cycle, switching into a nondividing state called the G0 phase

36
Q

FIRST GAP (G1) - Is the environment favorable? IF NOT:

A
  • Delayed progress through G1
  • Enter G0 (specialized resting phase)
    > Quiescent
    > Senescent

Favorable but does not proceed to S phase
- Cell differentiate

37
Q

A period of inactivity/dormancy

A

Quiescent

38
Q

Growing old; aging but still alive

A

Senescent

39
Q

SECOND GAP (G2) - Is the environment favorable? Is all DNA replicated? IF NOT?

A
  • Delayed Mitosis
40
Q

M PHASE - Are all chromosomes attached to the spindle? IF NOT?

A

Halts Mitosis

41
Q

The division of the nucleus of the cell into 2 new nuclei

A

Karyokinesis

42
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Sometimes cells go through mitosis without going through cytokinesis

A

TRUE

Gen Biology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions