Cell Injury (theory)

Question 1

The cell is always fully functional while its in this state

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

the cell will undergo 1 of 2 things while under stress

Answer 2

1) adaptation
2) cell death

Question 3

A cell that has adapated to the stress its been subjected to will have what type of injury?

Answer 3

reversible injuries

Question 4

a cell that cannot adapt to the stress it is subjected to will have this type of injury

Answer 4

Irreversible injury

Question 5

these cells when subjected to stress cannot adapt by growing in number but by growing in size

Answer 5

cardiac cells

muscle cells

Question 6

these cells can increase in number as an adaptation mechanism when exposed to stress

Answer 6

endocrine cells

skin cells

Question 7

reversible cell injury is characterised by these changes in the cell:

Answer 7

1) reduced oxidative phosphorylation (less ATP available)
2) cell swelling

Question 8

why is there cell swelling during reversible cell injury?

Answer 8

because of a defective Na/K ATPase

Na stays inside the cell causing water to follow

Question 9

what are the mophological changes that occur on the cell while under reversible cell injury?

Answer 9

1) swelling (hydropic change or vacuolar change)
2) blebbing
3) loss of microvilli
4) ER gets dilated and ribosomes detach

Question 10

what is an example of irreversible cell injury?

Answer 10

myocardial infaction

Question 11

what is an indicator of irreversible myocardial infarction (irreversible cell injury)? Why do these appear?

Answer 11

amorphous densities in the mitochondria because of membrane permeability