Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm 310 Immunology > Cell immunity > Flashcards

Cell immunity Flashcards

1
Q

BCR

A

B-cell receptor immunoglobulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

TCR general structure

A

Similar structure to Aby with Vr and Cr regions, has two polypeptide chains connected via disulphide bridge which forms a single binding site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MHC

A

major histocompatibility complex, TCRs can only recognize peptide antigens when presented on these

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TCR diversity

A

alpha and beta chains are fragmented and rearranged by RAG enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TCR alpha chain

A

analogous to the light chain with variable, joining and constant domain interchanged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

TCR beta chain

A

analogous to the heavy chain with variable, diversity, joining and constant domains interchanged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where are TCR chains assembled

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CD3 complex

A

2 epsilon (external)
1 delta (external)
1 gamma (external)
2 zeta (internal)
they are needed for transduction to membrane and intracellular signalling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gamma: delta TCR

A

alternate TCR formed mostly in fetal stage <5% might be involved in cancer friend vs foe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TCR gamma chain

A

analogous to light chain with variable, joining and constant region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TCR delta chain

A

Found within Alpha chain fragments it is analogous to heavy chain with variable, diversity, joining and constant regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CD4 T-cell

A

Helper T-cells bind to MHC 2 on professional antigen presenters (dendrites, macrophages, B-Cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CD8 T-cell

A

Killer T-cell binds to MHC 1 on every cell in the body looking for pathogenic antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does CD stand for

A

Cluster of Differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CD8

A

Has an alpha and beta chain with long transmembrane legs connected via disulphide bond that stabilized the TCR:MHC1 interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CD4

A

has one peptide chain with 4 domains and only one transmembrane leg, stabilized TCR:MHC2 interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Classes of T-Helper

A

Differentiation occurs after activation by MHC2 and B7
Th1 activates macrophages
Th2 activates B-cells to become plasma cells and secrete Aby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

MHC 1

A

expressed on all nucleated cells
has a binding groove made from only one peptide chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MHC 2

A

only found on Ag presenting cells
-thymus epithelium
-B or T cells
-Professional APC
-Dendrites
-Macrophages
- B-Cells
Binding groove made of two peptide chains

20
Q

MHC Ag binding

A

MHC has degenerate peptide binding and can bind many different types of Ag

21
Q

Self tolerance

A

Immune cells ignore the self proteins offered by MHC 1 receptors when no pathogen Ag is present

22
Q

MHC class 1 Ag source

A

Proteasomes degrade internal proteins, transfered to MHC 1 by TAP transporter, sometimes self made but sometime virus made

23
Q

MHC class 2 Ag source

A

Professional APC take in extracellular pathogen into phagosome and break it down, then MHC 2 enters and takes AG to surface of cell

24
Q

CLIP

A

invariant chain fragment preventing pre mature binding of Ag to MHC 2, is removed by HLA-DM in the phagolysosome

25
Q

MHC isotypes

A

Do not rearrange during life time, just have allelic conversion once to make new isotype for a new person. extra diversity via genetic polymorphism

26
Q

MHC class 1 isoforms

A

A. -|
B. | These are highly polymorph
C. -|
E - oligomorphic
F - monomorphic
G - oligomorphic

27
Q

MHC class 2 isoforms

A

DM-oligomorphic
DO-oligo-monomorphic
DP-polymorphic
DQ-polymorphic
DR- highly-oligomorphic

28
Q

MHC restriction

A

TCR binds only to antigen and MHC isoform that it recognizes

29
Q

antigen presentation

A

dendritic cells and macrophages travel through the lymph to secondary lymphoid tissues to present Ag to T-lymphocytes

30
Q

Leukocyte selectins (lectins)

A

leukocyte adhesion molecule to aid in homing to secondary lymphoid tissues

31
Q

vascular addressing (mucin-like_

A

leukocyte adhesion molecule to aid in homing to secondary lymphoid tissues

32
Q

Leukocyte integrin recetpros

A

leukocyte adhesion molecule to aid in homing to secondary lymphoid tissues

33
Q

ICAMs

A

inter-cellular adhesion molecules
leukocyte adhesion molecule to aid in homing to secondary lymphoid tissues

34
Q

CD2

A

lymphocyte function assoc.
leukocyte adhesion molecule to aid in homing to secondary lymphoid tissues

35
Q

CD B7

A

co-stimulatory interacts with CD28 on t-cells

36
Q

APC maturation

A

immature APC express innate immune receptors for microbial surface. once triggered it up regulates MHC 2 and B7 to trigger T-cells

37
Q

CD28

A

on T-cells it interacts with CD B7 to confirm that the antigen presented in a pathogen

38
Q

IL-2

A

interleukin 2 is produced by activated T-cells via B7 and CD 28 and IL-2 stimulates proliferation and differentiation

39
Q

Anergy

A

non-responsiveness in T-cells due to lack of B7 binding. That means the Ag bound is most likely a self protein and so the T-cell becomes unresponsive to that Ag

40
Q

CTLA4

A

another receptor on T-cells that binds B7 but with 20x more affinity than CD28. this receptor reduces proliferation and activation (slows immune system down)

41
Q

FAS ligand

A

Programs apoptosis and triggered by CD8 T-cells

42
Q

t-cell programmed death

A

FAS ligand and lytic granules (performs and granzymes)

43
Q

Autocrine T-cell activation

A

Occurs when CD8 t-cell binds to pathogen presenting MHC1 on dendritic cell. B7 is present too and therefore T-cell is activated, it produces it’s own IL-2 and triggers Kill program

44
Q

Co-stimulatory T-cell activation

A

CD4 and CD8 bind to same inactivated APC, CD4 is presented pathogen Ag and activates cell to produce B7, CD8 cell now has B7 to be activated and kills

45
Q

Paracrine T-cell activation

A

Activated CD4 cell detects pathogen Ag and produces IL-2 into ECF, this activates CD8

46
Q

Apoptosis

A

programmed death that provides no inflamm response as it is clean and no inflamm soup is released

Pharm 310 Immunology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions