Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 30 > Cell Division > Flashcards

Cell Division Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does a chromosome refer to?

A

Condensed DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does a chromatid refer to?

A

Decondensed DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does DNA wrap around when condensed?

A

Histones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does homologous mean?

A

Refers to the way chromosomes are paired. Same size, same traits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What’s an autosome

A

A basic chromosome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens in G1?

A

Cells grow

Cells undergo life function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens in S?

A

Cells double their DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens in G2?

A

Cell prepares for division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is karyokinesis?

A

Nucleus (DNA) Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is cytokinesis?

A

Cell Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the events of Prophase.

A

DNA will condense
Nucleus breaks apart
2 centrosomes move to the poles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the events of metaphase.

A

The chromosomes line up ON the equatorial plate.

Spindle fibers attach to the kinetochore of the centromere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the events of anaphase.

A

Start of cytokinesis
Start of karyokinesis
DNA begins to decondense
Nucleus begins to form again

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the events of telophase.

A

Nucleus now almost formed

Cells now almost separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the effects of chemotherapy?

A

Interrupts cell cycle

Effects all cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the effects of radiation therapy?

A

Cancer cells are more susceptible to radiation

Nausea, hair loss, lose elasticity

17
Q

Describe the events of Prophase I?

A

DNA will condense
Nucleus breaks apart
2 centrosomes move to the poles
Recombination also takes place.

18
Q

What is recombination?

A

A random exchange of genes between chromosomes. This process increases the genetic variation amongst the gametes produced and can only occur during prophase I.

19
Q

Describe the events of metaphase I.

A

Chromosomes line up on either side of the equatorial plate

Sister chromosomes stick together

20
Q

Describe the events of anaphase I.

A

Chromosomes are segregated
Homologs are pulled to separate sides of the cell
DNA starts to decondense

21
Q

Describe the events of telophase I.

A

Nucleus now almost formed

Cells now almost separate

22
Q

What is Meiotic interphase?

A

A pause
No metabolism
No DNA replication
Nothing like interphase in cell cycle

23
Q

Describe the events of prophase II.

A

DNA will condense
Sister Chromosomes join
Nucleus breaks apart
2 centrosomes move to the poles

24
Q

Describe the events of metaphase II.

A

The chromosomes line up ON the equatorial plate.

Spindle fibers attach to the kinetochore of the centromere.

25
Q

Describe the events of anaphase II.

A

Start of cytokinesis
Start of karyokinesis
DNA begins to decondense
Nucleus begins to form again

26
Q

Describe the events of telophase II.

A

Nucleus now almost formed

Cells now almost separate

27
Q

What is a nondisjunction?

A

A failure to properly segregate chromosomes during meiosis.

28
Q

In what division is a nondisjunction most common?

A

Meiosis I

29
Q

What is (2n + 1)?

A

Trisomy #

30
Q

What is (2n - 1)?

A

Monosomy #

31
Q

What is down syndrome?

A

Trisomy 21

32
Q

What is the syndrome of down syndrome?

A 
Abnormality in face
Pronounced epicanthal folds
Wide-set eyes
Pronounced forehead
Enlarged Tongue
Shorter
Mental retardation
Short lifespan
Delayed puberty
33
Q

What is Turner’s Syndrome?

A

Monosomy 23

34
Q

What is the syndrome of Turner’s Syndrome?

A 
Considered female
Shorter than normal
Can have mental retardation
Generally, can live on own
Broad neck
Odd ear placement
Sterile without hormone therapy
35
Q

What is Klinefelter’s?

A

One type of Trisomy 23: XXY

36
Q

What are the effects of Klinefelter’s?

A

Breasts Grow

Hips Widen

37
Q

What are the effects of Trisomic females?

A

No effect on woman

Can have effect on her children

38
Q

What are the effects of Trisomic males?

A

Slightly taller than average.

39
Q

Describe Alternation of Generation.

A

A diploid adult undergoes meiosis to produce haploid offspring. These haploid offsprings grow to be adults. Then, they undergo mitosis to create gametes that will combine and create diploid offspring.

Biology 30 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions